术前营养不良与结直肠癌中受抑制的瘤内 T 细胞功能和独特的肿瘤相关微生物群相关：一项前瞻性初步研究

We prospectively enrolled 43 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent resection surgery between July 2017 and August 2021 at IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico in Milan. Patients were evaluated for biochemical, anthropometric, and nutritional profiles, as well as intratumoral immune phenotypes and tumor-associated microbiota. Tumor-associated microbiota analysis was performed in a subset of 8 patients (5 malnourished and 3 non-malnourished) for whom mucosal samples were available.

Malnutrition was associated with increased tissue-infiltrating neutrophils and altered T cell phenotypes, including reduced expression of effector-associated cytokines in conventional T-helper and iNKT cells. Gut microbiota analysis revealed significant associations between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the bacterial genera Bacteroides , Prevotella , and Parabacteroides , suggesting a potential role for these microbes in shaping immune responses in malnourished individuals. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest a link between malnutrition, gut microbiota composition, and suppressed anti-tumor immunity in CRC patients.