雷复尼特负向调控 STAT3 与 NF-κB 活性及炎症相关结肠肿瘤发生

In the colorectal cancer (CRC) niche, the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor- B (NF- B) are hyperactivated in both malignant cells and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) and cooperate to maintain cancer cell proliferation/survival and drive protumor inflammation. Through drug repositioning studies, the anthelmintic drug rafoxanide has recently emerged as a potent and selective antitumor molecule for different types of cancer, including CRC.

Here, we investigate whether rafoxanide could negatively modulate STAT3/NF- B and inflammation-associated CRC. The antineoplastic effect of rafoxanide was explored in a murine model of CRC resembling colitis-associated disease.

Cell proliferation and/or STAT3/NF- B activation were evaluated in colon tissues taken from mice with colitis-associated CRC, human CRC cells, and CRC patient-derived explants and organoids after treatment with rafoxanide. The STAT3/NF- B activation and cytokine production/secretion were assessed in TILs isolated from CRC specimens and treated with rafoxanide.

Finally, we investigated the effects of TIL-derived supernatants cultured with or without rafoxanide on CRC cell proliferation and STAT3/NF- B activation. The results showed that rafoxanide restrains STAT3/NF- B activation and inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis in vivo without apparent effects on normal intestinal cells. Rafoxanide markedly reduces STAT3/NF- B activation in cultured CRC cells, CRC-derived explants/organoids, and TILs.

Finally, rafoxanide treatment impairs the ability of TILs to produce protumor cytokines and promote CRC cell proliferation.

We report the novel observation that rafoxanide negatively affects STAT3/NF- B oncogenic activity at multiple levels in the CRC microenvironment.

Our data suggest that rafoxanide could potentially be deployed as an anticancer drug in inflammation-associated CRC.