MAIT 细胞调节固有免疫细胞并抑制结肠癌生长

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that can be activated by microbial antigens and cytokines and are abundant in mucosal tissues including the colon. MAIT cells have cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory functions and have potentials for use as adoptive cell therapy.

However, studies into their anti-cancer activity, including their role in colon cancer, are limited. Using an animal model of colon cancer, we show that peritumoral injection of in vivo -expanded MAIT cells into RAG1 -/- mice with MC38-derived tumors inhibits tumor growth compared to control.

Multiplex cytokine analyses show that tumors from the MAIT cell-treated group have higher expression of markers for eosinophil-activating cytokines, suggesting an association between eosinophil recruitment and tumor inhibition. In a human peripheral leukocyte co-culture model, we show that leukocytes stimulated with MAIT ligand show an increase in eotaxin-1 production and activation of eosinophils, associated with increased cancer cell killing.

In conclusion, we show that MAIT cells have a protective role in a murine colon cancer model, associated with modulation of the immune response to cancer, potentially involving eosinophil-associated mechanisms.

Our results highlight the potential of MAIT cells for non-donor restricted colon cancer immunotherapy.