抗 TIGIT 疗法在消化道肿瘤中的应用：从免疫逃逸到精准免疫治疗

We performed a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical evidence evaluating anti-TIGIT strategies in GI cancers. Databases and clinical trial registries were searched for studies investigating anti-TIGIT agents as monotherapy or combined with ICIs, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy.

Preclinical studies demonstrate that TIGIT blockade restores antitumor immune responses, improves tumor control, and shows clear synergy when combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors or radiotherapy. Clinical trials have reported mixed outcomes, with meaningful responses observed in selected settings but limited benefit in others. Biomarkers such as TIGIT and CD155 expression, tumor molecular features, and immune landscape characteristics emerged as relevant predictors of response.

Anti-TIGIT therapies represent a promising approach for overcoming resistance to ICIs in GI cancers. Nevertheless, biological heterogeneity underscores the need for better patient stratification, predictive biomarkers, and evaluation of safety and toxicity to fully realize the therapeutic potential of TIGIT-targeted strategies. Digestive cancers are often difficult to treat, especially at advanced stages. Immunotherapy helps the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. Many digestive cancers do not respond well to current treatments. TIGIT is an immune “brake” foundon immune cells. When it’s active, it can weken the immune response against cancer. Therefore, blocking TIGIT may help immune cells regain their ability to attack tumors. This review summarizes current evidence on antiTIGIT therapies indigestive cancers. Labs and animal studies suggest that TIGIT blockade can improve anti-cancer immune responses, especially when combined with other treatments such as anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Early trials have shown encouraging results in some digestive cancers but responses vary between patients. Overall, anti-TIGIT therapy is a promising approach, but more research is needed to identify which patients are most likely to benefit and to better understand treatment safety.