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使用两个大型美国数据库对接受 Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel 治疗的复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤患者中非 ICANS 神经系统事件的真实世界描述

英文原题:Real-World Description of Non-ICANS Neurologic Events Among Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treated with Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Using Two Large US Databases.

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Real-World Description of Non-ICANS Neurologic Events Among Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treated with Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Using Two Large US Databases.

PubMed 2026/04/18(内容时间) Oncol Ther Q2 · IF 3.4(JCR 2025)

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研究概要

在这项真实世界研究中,两个数据库中 cilta-cel 输注后非 ICANS NE 的发生率与既往试验或真实世界研究相当或更低,进一步支持了 cilta-cel 在常规实践中良好的风险-获益特征。本文提供图形摘要。

研究思路结论见上方概要

西达基奥仑赛(cilta-cel)是一种靶向B细胞成熟抗原的CAR-T 细胞疗法,已在美国获批用于复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(RRMM),最早可在首次复发后使用,该批准基于关键性CARTITUDE-1(既往接受过4线治疗[LOT])和CARTITUDE-4(既往接受过1-3线治疗)试验,这两项试验报告了高缓解率和延长的生存期。在CARTITUDE-1和CARTITUDE-4中,全等级帕金森综合征的发生率分别为6%和<1%,而颅神经麻痹的发生率分别为3%和9%。本研究旨在描述在接受1-3线或4线既往治疗后接受cilta-cel治疗的RRMM患者中新发的非免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征(non-ICANS)神经系统事件(NEs)的特征。

本回顾性研究使用了两个真实世界数据来源:Komodo Research Database 的开放和封闭保险索赔数据(2021年2月至2024年11月),以及 Loopback Analytics 的电子病历数据(2021年2月至2024年12月)。从 cilta-cel 输注开始,直至临床活动结束、死亡或数据可用性结束,评估了新发的非 ICANS NE,包括帕金森综合征、颅神经麻痹和 Guillain-Barr 综合征。分析按数据库分别进行,并按 LOT 分层。

在既往接受过1-3线治疗的患者中(Komodo:124例;Loopback:79例),中位随访3.4-3.5个月期间,Komodo和Loopback中颅神经麻痹的发生率分别为5.6%和5.1%,未观察到帕金森综合征或Guillain-Barr综合征。在既往接受过4线治疗的患者中(Komodo:524例;Loopback:191例),中位随访13.2-13.3个月期间,两个数据库中帕金森综合征的发生率均为1.0%,Komodo和Loopback中颅神经麻痹的发生率分别为4.6%和1.0%,Guillain-Barr综合征的发生率分别为0.2%和0.5%。

展开英文摘要原文

This retrospective study used two real-world data sources: open and closed insurance claims from the Komodo Research Database (February 2021-November 2024), and electronic medical records from Loopback Analytics (February 2021-December 2024). New-onset non-ICANS NEs, including parkinsonism, cranial nerve palsy, and Guillain-Barr syndrome, were assessed from cilta-cel infusion until the end of clinical activity, death, or end of data availability. Analyses were conducted separately by database and stratified by LOT.

In patients with 1-3 prior LOT (Komodo: 124; Loopback: 79), over a median follow-up of 3.4-3.5 months, cranial nerve palsy occurred in 5.6% and 5.1% in Komodo and Loopback, respectively, with no parkinsonism or Guillain-Barr syndrome observed. In patients with 4 prior LOT (Komodo: 524; Loopback: 191), over a median follow-up of 13.2-13.3 months, parkinsonism occurred in 1.0% in both databases, cranial nerve palsy in 4.6% and 1.0%, and Guillain-Barr syndrome in 0.2% and 0.5% in Komodo and Loopback, respectively.

In this real-world study, rates of non-ICANS NEs post-cilta-cel infusion across two databases were comparable to or lower than prior trials or real-world studies, reinforcing the favorable risk-benefit profile of cilta-cel in routine practice. Graphical Abstract available for this article.

论文信息

作者
Sidana S、Nagar SP、Ghosh S、Fan L、Alegria V、De Braganca KC、Lengil T、Sharma M
第一作者单位
Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.United States
通讯作者单位
Johnson &amp; Johnson, Horsham, PA, USA. zquresh3@its.jnj.com.United States
期刊
Oncology and therapy2026 Jun
原文标识
PubMed 42000954 · DOI 10.1007/s40487-026-00433-y