CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞疗法在非肿瘤性疾病中的应用
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.
CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用推动了这种免疫治疗形式的显著进展。
CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题:Real-World Description of Non-ICANS Neurologic Events Among Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treated with Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Using Two Large US Databases.
Real-World Description of Non-ICANS Neurologic Events Among Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treated with Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Using Two Large US Databases.
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在这项真实世界研究中,两个数据库中 cilta-cel 输注后非 ICANS NE 的发生率与既往试验或真实世界研究相当或更低,进一步支持了 cilta-cel 在常规实践中良好的风险-获益特征。本文提供图形摘要。
西达基奥仑赛(cilta-cel)是一种靶向B细胞成熟抗原的CAR-T 细胞疗法,已在美国获批用于复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(RRMM),最早可在首次复发后使用,该批准基于关键性CARTITUDE-1(既往接受过4线治疗[LOT])和CARTITUDE-4(既往接受过1-3线治疗)试验,这两项试验报告了高缓解率和延长的生存期。在CARTITUDE-1和CARTITUDE-4中,全等级帕金森综合征的发生率分别为6%和<1%,而颅神经麻痹的发生率分别为3%和9%。本研究旨在描述在接受1-3线或4线既往治疗后接受cilta-cel治疗的RRMM患者中新发的非免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征(non-ICANS)神经系统事件(NEs)的特征。
本回顾性研究使用了两个真实世界数据来源:Komodo Research Database 的开放和封闭保险索赔数据(2021年2月至2024年11月),以及 Loopback Analytics 的电子病历数据(2021年2月至2024年12月)。从 cilta-cel 输注开始,直至临床活动结束、死亡或数据可用性结束,评估了新发的非 ICANS NE,包括帕金森综合征、颅神经麻痹和 Guillain-Barr 综合征。分析按数据库分别进行,并按 LOT 分层。
在既往接受过1-3线治疗的患者中(Komodo:124例;Loopback:79例),中位随访3.4-3.5个月期间,Komodo和Loopback中颅神经麻痹的发生率分别为5.6%和5.1%,未观察到帕金森综合征或Guillain-Barr综合征。在既往接受过4线治疗的患者中(Komodo:524例;Loopback:191例),中位随访13.2-13.3个月期间,两个数据库中帕金森综合征的发生率均为1.0%,Komodo和Loopback中颅神经麻痹的发生率分别为4.6%和1.0%,Guillain-Barr综合征的发生率分别为0.2%和0.5%。
This retrospective study used two real-world data sources: open and closed insurance claims from the Komodo Research Database (February 2021-November 2024), and electronic medical records from Loopback Analytics (February 2021-December 2024). New-onset non-ICANS NEs, including parkinsonism, cranial nerve palsy, and Guillain-Barr syndrome, were assessed from cilta-cel infusion until the end of clinical activity, death, or end of data availability. Analyses were conducted separately by database and stratified by LOT.
In patients with 1-3 prior LOT (Komodo: 124; Loopback: 79), over a median follow-up of 3.4-3.5 months, cranial nerve palsy occurred in 5.6% and 5.1% in Komodo and Loopback, respectively, with no parkinsonism or Guillain-Barr syndrome observed. In patients with 4 prior LOT (Komodo: 524; Loopback: 191), over a median follow-up of 13.2-13.3 months, parkinsonism occurred in 1.0% in both databases, cranial nerve palsy in 4.6% and 1.0%, and Guillain-Barr syndrome in 0.2% and 0.5% in Komodo and Loopback, respectively.
In this real-world study, rates of non-ICANS NEs post-cilta-cel infusion across two databases were comparable to or lower than prior trials or real-world studies, reinforcing the favorable risk-benefit profile of cilta-cel in routine practice. Graphical Abstract available for this article.
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