新型抗肿瘤治疗相关中性粒细胞减少事件，从病理生理到实践：范围综述——NEW Group（中性粒细胞减少事件工作组）

A literature scoping review was conducted by the NEW Group (Neutropenic Events multidisciplinary Working Group) to provide an overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms, epidemiology and management of NAN (neutropenia associated with new anticancer agents CDK4/6 inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1, anti-PDL1 and anti-CTLA4), anti-CD20 and CAR T cells.

NAN is a frequent hematological toxicity, with mechanisms varying greatly between molecules. Unlike chemotherapy, its onset time, detection, and management must be tailored to the treatment type and patient's profile. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis should not be done systematically and may even be detrimental in specific situations.

Neutropenia is a frequent complication of new anti-cancer agents, that requires a dedicated and specific education. The different management procedures differ according to the mechanisms involved, including treatment discontinuation, dose reduction, immunosuppressive drugs use and, G-CSF in specific situations and according to local authorizations and/or recommendations of learned societies.