CYR61 作为癌症预后和治疗中的潜在生物标志物与靶点

Cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61) is a matricellular protein in the CCN family that is involved in cellular adhesion, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. CYR61 interacts with integrins 6 1, v 3, v 5, and IIb 3 to modulate tumor progression and metastasis while modifying the tumor microenvironment. CYR61 exhibits context-dependent roles in cancer, acting as both a tumor promoter and suppressor.

Increased CYR61 expression is linked to extracellular matrix remodeling, immune modulation, and integrin-mediated signaling, making it a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Emerging research highlights the utility of CYR61 in liquid biopsies for cancer detection and monitoring. Integrin-targeted therapies, including CYR61-blocking antibodies and CAR-T approaches, offer novel treatment strategies.

However, therapy-induced toxicity and resistance remain challenges with these strategies. The further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of CYR61 may enhance targeted therapeutic interventions and improve patient outcomes.