CD81 通过阻断 CD274/PD-L1 的选择性自噬降解驱动放射抵抗性胶质母细胞瘤的免疫逃逸
CD81 drives immune evasion in radioresistant glioblastoma by blocking selective autophagic degradation of CD274/PD-L1.
CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
全组织与自体树突状细胞疫苗在儿童脑肿瘤中的应用：当前证据与未来方向的聚焦综述
英文原题：Whole-tissue and autologous dendritic cell vaccines in pediatric brain tumors: A focused review of current evidence and future directions.
查看英文原题
Whole-tissue and autologous dendritic cell vaccines in pediatric brain tumors: A focused review of current evidence and future directions.
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研究概要
WATV 和 ADCV 在儿童神经肿瘤学中是安全的，但未得到充分利用。特别是 ADCV，已显示出对高级别胶质瘤和非典型畸胎样横纹肌样瘤的潜力。未来的研究应优化疫苗生产时间线，并评估各种抗原材料的疗效。需要 III 期试验来确定临床获益。
研究思路结论见上方概要
背景
肿瘤免疫治疗正变得越来越个性化，自体治疗性疫苗（ATVs）通过利用患者来源的肿瘤抗原，代表了一种有前景的策略。两种主要类型，即全组织自体治疗性疫苗（WATVs）和自体树突状细胞疫苗（ADCVs），已在成人肿瘤学中显示出安全性和有效性。然而，它们在儿童神经肿瘤学中的应用仍未得到充分探索。
目的
综述WATVs和ADCVs用于儿童脑肿瘤的最新临床进展，重点关注安全性、可行性和初步结局。
方法
采用PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE、Cochrane和临床试验注册库对2004-2025年的研究进行了系统性检索。纳入标准为涉及WATV或ADCV的儿童脑肿瘤研究。研究依据PRISMA指南进行评估，对偏倚进行了处理，并使用汇总的患者数据对结局数据进行了叙述性综合。
结果
WATV 没有专门的小儿脑肿瘤研究。然而，在一项针对小儿脑肿瘤的 ADCV-WATV 混合试验（n = 26）中进行了亚组分析，显示其安全性和可行性。对于 ADCV，有七项临床试验（n = 85）符合纳入标准。ADCV 表现出很强的安全性，没有治疗相关死亡，仅发生一例严重不良事件。PFS 范围为 1.4 至 85.6 个月，OS 范围为 1.4 至 143 个月。改善结局的因素包括全切除和新诊断的高级别胶质瘤。疫苗的生产时间对可行性构成了挑战。
展开英文摘要原文
OBJECTIVE
To review recent clinical advancements in the use of WATVs and ADCVs for pediatric brain tumors, focusing on safety, feasibility, and preliminary outcomes.
METHODS
A systematic search of studies (2004-2025) was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and clinical trial registries. Inclusion criteria were pediatric brain tumor studies involving WATVs or ADCVs. Studies were assessed per PRISMA guidelines, biases were addressed and outcome data were synthesized narratively using pooled patient data.
RESULTS
WATVs had no dedicated pediatric brain tumor studies. However, a subgroup analysis in a mixed ADCV-WATV trial for pediatric brain tumors (n = 26) was performed showing safety and feasibility. For ADCVs, seven clinical trials with (n = 85) met inclusion criteria. ADCVs demonstrated a strong safety profile, with no treatment-related deaths and only one severe adverse event. Progression-free survival ranged from 1.4 to 85.6 months, and overall survival ranged from 1.4 to 143 months. Factors improving outcomes included gross total resection and newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas. Production time for vaccines posed a feasibility challenge.
CONCLUSION
WATVs and ADCVs are safe but underutilized in pediatric neuro-oncology. ADCVs, in particular, have shown potential for high-grade gliomas and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors. Future studies should optimize vaccine production timelines and evaluate the efficacy of various antigenic materials. Phase III trials are needed to establish clinical benefit.
论文信息
- 作者
- Gianneschi G、Hublikar R、Sherman J、Rao H
- 第一作者单位
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School 185 South Orange Avenue,Newark, NJ 07103, USA. Electronic address: gbg30@rutgers.edu.United States
- 通讯作者单位
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson-Barnabas Health System Children's Hospital of New Jersey at Newark Beth Israel Medical Center. Electronic address: harini.rao@rwjbh.org.United States
- 文献类型
- 综述
- 期刊
- Seminars in pediatric neurology2025 Apr
- 原文标识
- PubMed 40216487 · DOI 10.1016/j.spen.2025.101183