CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma: Challenges and Opportunities.
Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma: Challenges and Opportunities.
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髓外多发性骨髓瘤（EMM）在本综述中定义为由血行播散导致的软组织浆细胞瘤，其特征是 MM 细胞能够在骨髓微环境之外增殖。EMM 具有侵袭性，常伴高危细胞遗传学异常和早期复发，并独立预示显著较短的无进展生存期和总生存期；即使在高效免疫疗法时代，这一情况仍然存在。研究者持续研究髓外 MM 播散的分子和微环境因素，以指导更好疗法的开发。本综述讨论目前对 EMM 生物学的认识，重点比较其与 MM 在分子和微环境特征上的差异，并回顾当前治疗策略，同时指出针对这一患者群体的大型随机研究仍然稀少。
Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM), defined in this review as soft tissue plasmacytomas resulting from hematogenous spread, is characterized by the ability of MM cells to proliferate outside of the bone marrow microenvironment. It is aggressive, often associated with high-risk cytogenetics and early relapse, and independently portends significantly shorter progression-free and overall survival, even in the era of highly effective immunotherapies.
The molecular and microenvironmental factors underlying extramedullary MM dissemination continue to be studied to inform the development of better treatments. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the biology of EMM, focusing on its distinct molecular and microenvironmental characteristics vis- -vis MM.
We also review the current treatment strategies, acknowledging the paucity of large, randomized studies specific to this population.
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