DNT 细胞介导复发/难治性 B-ALL 患儿对 CAR-T 细胞治疗的耐药

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells therapy is a milestone achievement in the immunotherapy of relapsed and refractory (R/R) B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).

However, some patients treated with CAR-T cells do not achieve complete remission, the mechanisms of which have not been elucidated. In the present study, we report a 9-year-old pediatric patient with refractory B-ALL received a triple infusion of autologous CD19 CAR-T cells therapy after the second relapse. CAR-T cells expanded in the peripheral blood and bone marrow.

However, the patient did not achieve complete remission, indicating a lack of response to CAR-T cells therapy. Analysis of etiological factors revealed that the number of CD4 and CD8 double-negative T (DNT) cells was significantly upregulated in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and autologous CAR-T cells products.

In conclusiont, these findings indicate that DNT cells mediated resistance to CAR-T cells therapy in this pediatric patient with R/R B-ALL.