IL-15 作为 NK 细胞介导肿瘤免疫治疗的关键调控因子：从基础到临床

Interleukin 15 (IL-15) has emerged as a crucial factor in the relationship between natural killer (NK) cells and immunotherapy for cancer. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of IL-15 in NK cell-mediated immunotherapy. First, the key role of IL-15 signaling in NK cell immunity is discussed, highlighting its regulation of NK cell functions and antitumor properties.

Furthermore, the use of IL-15 or its analogs in clinical trials as a therapeutic strategy for various cancers, including the genetic modification of NK cells to produce IL-15, has been explored. The potential of IL-15-based therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T and NK cell infusion along with IL-15 in combination with checkpoint inhibitors and other treatments, has been examined. This review also addresses the challenges and advantages of incorporating IL-15 in cell-based immunotherapy.

Additionally, unresolved questions regarding the detection and biological significance of the soluble IL-15/IL-15R complex, as well as the potential role of IL-15/IL-15R in human cancer and the immunological consequences of prolonged exposure to soluble IL-15 for NK cells, are discussed.