STING 诱导的调节性 B 细胞损害癌症免疫中的 NK 功能

An immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is a major obstacle in the control of pancreatic and other solid cancers 1-3 . Agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein trigger inflammatory innate immune responses to potentially overcome tumour immunosuppression 4 . Although these agonists hold promise as potential cancer therapies 5 , tumour resistance to STING monotherapy has emerged in clinical trials and the mechanism(s) is unclear 5-7 .

Here we show that the administration of five distinct STING agonists, including cGAMP, results in an expansion of human and mouse interleukin (IL)-35 + regulatory B cells in pancreatic cancer.

Mechanistically, cGAMP drives expression of IL-35 by B cells in an IRF3-dependent but type I interferon-independent manner. In several preclinical cancer models, the loss of STING signalling in B cells increases tumour control.

Furthermore, anti-IL-35 blockade or genetic ablation of IL-35 in B cells also reduces tumour growth. Unexpectedly, the STING-IL-35 axis in B cells reduces proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and attenuates the NK-driven anti-tumour response.

These findings reveal an intrinsic barrier to systemic STING agonist monotherapy and provide a combinatorial strategy to overcome immunosuppression in tumours.