CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞疗法在非肿瘤性疾病中的应用
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.
CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用推动了这种免疫治疗形式的显著进展。
CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题:Induction of tumor cell autosis by myxoma virus-infected CAR-T and TCR-T cells to overcome primary and acquired resistance.
Induction of tumor cell autosis by myxoma virus-infected CAR-T and TCR-T cells to overcome primary and acquired resistance.
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肿瘤特异性T细胞的细胞毒作用依赖其与肿瘤细胞接触,从而诱导经典的肿瘤细胞凋亡和细胞焦亡。然而,这些作用可能不足以引发实体瘤对过继细胞治疗的初始应答,也未必能防止肿瘤抗原逃逸所介导的获得性耐药。
本研究测试了表达嵌合抗原受体(CAR)或T细胞受体(TCR)的黏液瘤病毒(MYXV)感染肿瘤特异性T细胞(T-MYXV),这些细胞可将MYXV系统性递送至实体瘤,以克服原发性耐药。除T细胞诱导的凋亡和细胞焦亡外,CAR/TCR-T-MYXV细胞还可通过诱导一种特殊类型的细胞死亡——肿瘤细胞自噬性死亡(autosis)——清除肿瘤。
从机制上看,T细胞来源的干扰素(IFN)-蛋白激酶B(AKT)信号与MYXV诱导的M-T5-SKP-1-VPS34信号协同作用,触发强烈的肿瘤细胞自噬性死亡。CAR/TCR-T-MYXV诱导的自噬性死亡可形成强效旁观者杀伤,从而限制抗原逃逸。
本研究揭示了T细胞与MYXV之间意料之外的协同作用,可增强实体瘤细胞自噬性死亡并促进肿瘤清除。
Cytotoxicity of tumor-specific T cells requires tumor cell-to-T cell contact-dependent induction of classic tumor cell apoptosis and pyroptosis.
However, this may not trigger sufficient primary responses of solid tumors to adoptive cell therapy or prevent tumor antigen escape-mediated acquired resistance.
Here we test myxoma virus (MYXV)-infected tumor-specific T (T MYXV ) cells expressing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T cell receptor (TCR), which systemically deliver MYXV into solid tumors to overcome primary resistance.
In addition to T cell-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis, tumor eradication by CAR/TCR-T MYXV cells is also attributed to tumor cell autosis induction, a special type of cell death.
Mechanistically, T cell-derived interferon (IFN )-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling synergizes with MYXV-induced M-T5-SKP-1-VPS34 signaling to trigger robust tumor cell autosis. CAR/TCR-T MYXV -elicited autosis functions as a type of potent bystander killing to restrain antigen escape.
We uncover an unexpected synergy between T cells and MYXV to bolster solid tumor cell autosis that reinforces tumor clearance.
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