CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞疗法在非肿瘤性疾病中的应用
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.
CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用推动了这种免疫治疗形式的显著进展。
CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题:CAR T cells redirected to cell surface GRP78 display robust anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity and do not target hematopoietic progenitor cells.
CAR T cells redirected to cell surface GRP78 display robust anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity and do not target hematopoietic progenitor cells.
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开发用于急性髓系白血病(AML)的 CAR-T 细胞一直受到缺乏靶点的阻碍,这些靶点表达于 AML 原始细胞而不表达于造血祖细胞(HPC)。
在此,我们证明 GRP78 表达于原代 AML 原始细胞的细胞表面,但不表达于 HPC。为了靶向 GRP78,我们生成表达 GRP78 特异性肽基 CAR 的 T 细胞,其显示出在激活/转导后最小限度的自相残杀以及抗原依赖性 T 细胞分化的证据。GRP78-CAR-T 细胞识别并杀伤 GRP78 阳性 AML 细胞,而对 HPC 无毒性。在体内,GRP78-CAR-T 细胞具有显著的抗 AML 活性。为了防止抗原依赖性 T 细胞分化,我们在 GRP78-CAR-T 细胞制造过程中使用达沙替尼阻断激活后的 CAR 信号传导和 GRP78 细胞表面表达。这显著改善了它们在体外和体内的效应功能。
因此,用 CAR-T 细胞靶向细胞表面 GRP78 阳性 AML 是可行的,值得进一步积极探索。
Developing CAR T cells for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been hampered by a paucity of targets that are expressed on AML blasts and not on hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs).
Here we demonstrate that GRP78 is expressed on the cell surface of primary AML blasts but not HPCs. To target GRP78, we generate T cell expressing a GRP78-specific peptide-based CAR, which show evidence of minimal fratricide post activation/transduction and antigen-dependent T cell differentiation. GRP78-CAR T cells recognize and kill GRP78-positive AML cells without toxicity to HPCs.
In vivo, GRP78-CAR T cells have significant anti-AML activity. To prevent antigen-dependent T cell differentiation, we block CAR signaling and GRP78 cell surface expression post activation by using dasatinib during GRP78-CAR T cell manufacturing. This significantly improves their effector function in vitro and in vivo.
Thus, targeting cell surface GRP78-positive AML with CAR T cells is feasible, and warrants further active exploration.
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