肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Developing immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers.
Developing immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers.
癌症免疫疗法，包括免疫检查点抑制剂和过继性细胞转移，已显示出对抗血液系统恶性肿瘤的巨大疗效和前景。
癌症免疫疗法，包括免疫检查点抑制剂和过继性细胞转移，已显示出对血液系统恶性肿瘤的巨大疗效和前景。然而，这些疗法在实体癌中的价值仍不确定，并受到若干障碍的限制，包括难以识别癌症特异性抗原、免疫细胞向肿瘤的运输和浸润受限，以及肿瘤微环境的免疫抑制作用。为进一步优化免疫疗法的临床效果，许多研究集中于修饰细胞的代谢程序，尤其是糖基化。糖基化将多样化的碳水化合物结构（聚糖）添加到几乎所有细胞表面分子上，调节刺激性和抑制性信号通路。因此，修饰关键糖基化通路是开发治疗实体癌新治疗策略的合理方法。我们综述了特定聚糖如何在癌症免疫疗法中调节免疫细胞的抗癌活性和癌细胞的免疫抑制作用。此外，我们重点介绍了经N-糖基化抑制剂体外诱导的具有NK细胞特性的T细胞及其在实体癌治疗中的优势功能。
Cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer, have shown great efficacy and promise against hematological malignancies. However, the value of these therapies remains inconclusive in the context of solid cancers and is limited by several obstacles, including difficulty in identifying cancer-specific antigens, limited immune cell trafficking and infiltration into tumors, and the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment. To further optimize the clinical effects of immunotherapies, many studies have focused on modifying metabolic programs, especially glycosylation, in cells. Glycosylation, which adds a diversity of carbohydrate structures (glycans) to surface molecules on virtually all cells, regulates stimulatory and inhibitory signaling pathways. Therefore, modification of key glycosylation pathways represents a logical approach for the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating solid cancers. We review how specific glycans regulate the anticancer activities of immune cells and immunosuppressive effects of cancer cells in cancer immunotherapy. In addition, we highlight T cells with NK cell properties ex vivo primed by N-glycosylation inhibitor and their advantageous functions for treatments of solid cancers.
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