CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究

BACKGROUND: The evaluative and prognostic value of liquid biopsy in dendritic cell immunotherapy has not yet been studied, especially with respect to the use of the Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) peptide and tumor-specific antigens or neoantigens. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare and contrast the genomic responses of these two treatment groups via liquid biopsy. METHODS: This was a real-world retrospective analysis of the liquid biopsy test results of 55 men and 46 women between 4 and 91 years of age who had received DC vaccines pulsed with either neoantigens (n = 45) or WT1 with or without MUC1 antigen (n = 56). RESULTS: The baseline total ctDNA concentration was greater in the neoantigen-pulsed DC vaccine group (p = 0.003). Compared with those in the neoantigen-pulsed vaccine group, the number of tumor mutations (p = 0.025), proportion of high-TMB mutations (p = 0.023), and appearance of new mutations (p < 0.001) in the WT1-pulsed vaccine group were significantly greater. Additionally, the relationships between the number of mutations and duration of treatment were significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Genomic responses were significantly different between the two treatment groups. Preexisting tumor genetics can affect the prognosis of personalized DC immunotherapy, highlighting the role of liquid biopsy in precision oncology.