通过流式细胞术常规监测侵袭性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤患者 CAR-T 细胞的扩增与持续性：单中心经验

This retrospective, single-center study evaluated routine flow cytometry (FC) monitoring of CAR-T-cells in 45 patients with aggressive large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). CAR-T-cells expansion was assessed from Day 0 to Month 12. Peak expansion occurred on Day 7 after axi-cel (median 39. 3% of total lymphocytes; 87 cells/mm 3 ) and Day 10 for tisa-cel (median 8. 1%; 33. 2 cells/mm 3 ).

Greater CAR-T-cells expansion was associated with immune-related toxicity, with median peak levels reaching 52. 8% in patients with grade 2 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) versus 6. 6% in those without (p < 0. 001) and 60. 8% in patients with immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) versus 15. 3% in those without (p < 0. 001). Prolonged cytopenia was observed in 65% of patients and more frequently among those with greater CAR-T-cells expansion.

This study highlights FC as a practical tool for monitoring CAR-T-cells dynamics in routine practice, with potential implications for early toxicity risk assessment and personalized supportive care.