肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Clinical potential of CAR T cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CAR-EVs) in cancer therapy: a cell-free approach.
Clinical potential of CAR T cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CAR-EVs) in cancer therapy: a cell-free approach.
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嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞疗法是一种革命性的癌症治疗，但可能产生严重副作用。CAR-T 细胞释放的细胞外囊泡（EV）称为CAR-T 来源EV（CAR-EV），因参与细胞间通讯而有望成为替代疗法。本综述全面探讨CAR-EV治疗癌症的临床潜力，首先介绍其生物发生过程及所含的独特治疗分子，继而回顾CAR-EV介导抗癌作用的机制，并总结其在血液系统恶性肿瘤和实体瘤中的临床前有效性证据。综述还讨论临床前数据及CAR-EV相较现有CAR-T 疗法的优势，并强调未来需开展临床研究，以评估CAR-EV用于癌症患者的安全性和疗效。文章汇总初步发现和挑战，提出改善EV靶向及载荷递送的策略，也指出CAR-T 疗法背景下EV生物学尚未探索的方面。
总之，CAR-EV是癌症治疗的可行选择，可能优于传统CAR-T 疗法；但仍需进一步研究优化生产、分布和临床应用，以实现最大治疗效力和更佳患者结局。CAR-T 细胞疗法是一种新型有效癌症治疗，但也可能导致严重副作用。CAR是嵌合抗原受体，是一种经特殊工程化设计、使T细胞能够识别并攻击癌细胞的蛋白质。研究者正在探索替代方案，即CAR-EV——由CAR-T 细胞释放的微小细胞外囊泡。CAR-EV可能通过与其他细胞通讯并递送治疗分子来对抗癌症，同时避免CAR-T 疗法的严重不良反应。本综述讨论CAR-EV如何产生、包含哪些成分及如何靶向癌细胞，并总结实验室和动物研究中其对实体瘤和血液癌症的潜力。文章介绍CAR-EV相较传统CAR-T 疗法的优点，并讨论如何提高其靶向性和递送能力。
总之，CAR-EV是癌症治疗的一种有希望的新方法，但仍需进一步研究以确认其安全性、疗效和患者应用可行性。
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a revolutionary cancer treatment, but it has severe side effects. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanovesicles released by CAR T cells, known as CAR T-cell-derived EVs (CAR-EVs), are a potential alternative owing to their role in intercellular communication. This review comprehensively explores the clinical potential of CAR-EVs for cancer therapy, starting with their biogenesis and cargo, which include unique therapeutic molecules.
It reviews the mechanisms underlying CAR-EV-mediated anticancer effects and presents preclinical evidence demonstrating efficacy across various cancers, including hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The review further discusses preclinical data and advantages over existing CAR T-cell therapies, emphasizing the need for future clinical studies to assess the safety and efficacy of CAR-EVs in cancer patients. This review also summarizes preliminary findings and challenges, proposing strategies to improve EV targeting and cargo delivery.
Additionally, this review highlights unexplored aspects of EV biology in the context of CAR T-cell therapies.
In conclusion, CAR-EVs offer a viable option for cancer therapy, with potential advantages over conventional CAR T-cell therapies.
However, future research is needed to optimize manufacturing, distribution, and clinical application for achieve maximum therapeutic efficacy and favorable patient outcomes. CAR T-cell therapy is a novel and effective cancer treatment, but it can also cause serious side effects. CAR stands for chimeric antigen receptor, a specially engineered protein that enables T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. Researchers are now exploring an alternative approach using CAR-EVs, which are tiny extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by CAR T cells.
Lacking the serious adverse effects of CAR T-cell therapy, these CAR-EVs may combat cancer by communicating with other cells and delivering therapeutic molecules. This review discusses how CAR-EVs are produced, what they contain, and how they target cancer cells.
It also summarizes findings from laboratory and animal studies showing their potential against both solid tumors and blood cancers. The review highlights the benefits of CAR-EVs over traditional CAR T-cell therapy and addressing challenges related to enhancing their targeting and delivery. In summary, CAR-EVs represents a promising new approach for cancer therapy.
However, further research is needed to confirm their safety, efficacy, and feasibility for use in patients.
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