免疫增强剂与免疫治疗在过敏性疾病及肿瘤管理中的应用

Allergy and cancer are immune-mediated diseases that present substantial clinical challenges, and immunotherapy, which exploits the immune system for therapeutic intervention, holds immense potential in their management. This review scrutinises the immunotherapeutic landscape of allergic diseases and cancer, emphasising their shared immunological underpinnings and therapeutic implications. Allergy manifests as exaggerated immune responses to innocuous antigens, culminating in inflammation and tissue damage. The therapeutic objective in the context of allergy is to induce immune tolerance to allergens, thereby alleviating symptoms and improving disease outcomes. Conversely, cancer employs multifaceted immune evasion mechanisms to evade immunosurveillance and propagate malignancy. Immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer endeavour to reinvigorate antitumor immunity and eradicate neoplastic cells.

A notable development in this field is the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors as a cornerstone in cancer immunotherapy, unleashing the immune system's potential to recognise and eliminate malignant cells. This review elucidates the intricate immunological mechanisms underlying allergy and cancer pathogenesis and delineates the diverse immunotherapeutic strategies employed in each context.

It underscores the convergence of immunological principles and clinical applications in shaping the therapeutic landscape of allergic diseases and cancer. By synthesising fundamental immunology with clinical insights, immunotherapy offers transformative prospects for personalised medicine, as evidenced by recent advancements, including immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell therapy, which have revolutionized the treatment paradigm in cancer.