CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞疗法在非肿瘤性疾病中的应用
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.
CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用推动了这种免疫治疗形式的显著进展。
CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题:A clonally expanded nodal T-cell population diagnosed as T-cell lymphoma after CAR-T therapy.
A clonally expanded nodal T-cell population diagnosed as T-cell lymphoma after CAR-T therapy.
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嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T 细胞治疗后出现继发恶性肿瘤的报告,以及 CAR-T 相关恶性转化的可能性,提示临床需保持谨慎。本文报告一例弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤患者,在 CAR-T 治疗后 2.5 年、合并 COVID-19 感染时出现新的淋巴结肿大,组织病理特征符合 T 细胞淋巴瘤(TCL)。通过基因组测序和单细胞空间转录组学进行深入分子分析,发现一群高度增殖的克隆性 T 细胞共表达 CD4 和 CD8,具有双等位基因 TCR 重排,但未发现 CAR 构建体证据。扩增的克隆型呈现 T 滤泡辅助(TFH)细胞转录程序,并占据淋巴结内免疫排斥的空间区域,支持其具有 TFH 样肿瘤性 T 细胞行为。值得注意的是,后续影像随访显示淋巴结肿大自行消退。本研究强调,需要更深入理解 CAR-T 后克隆性 T 细胞淋巴增殖性疾病,以避免不必要治疗,并提高 TCL 诊断方法的特异性。
Reports of secondary malignancies after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T and possible CAR-T derived malignant transformation necessitate caution.
Here we describe a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who developed new lymphadenopathy 2. 5 years after CAR-T in the context of COVID-19 infection with histopathologic features consistent with T-cell lymphoma (TCL). Deep molecular interrogation with genomic sequencing and single-cell spatial transcriptomics reveals a highly proliferative clonal T-cell population co-expressing CD4 and CD8 with biallelic TCR rearrangement and no evidence of the CAR construct.
The expanded clonotype displayed T follicular helper (TFH) cell transcriptomic programs and occupies immune-excluded spatial niches within the lymph node, supportive of TFH-like neoplastic T cell behavior. Remarkably, the lymphadenopathy spontaneously resolved on interval imaging.
Our data underscore the need for better understanding of post-CAR-T clonal T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders to avoid unnecessary treatment and higher specificity in diagnostic methods for TCL.
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