肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Advancements in Melanoma Treatment: A Review of PD-1 Inhibitors, T-VEC, mRNA Vaccines, and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy in an Evolving Landscape of Immunotherapy.
Advancements in Melanoma Treatment: A Review of PD-1 Inhibitors, T-VEC, mRNA Vaccines, and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy in an Evolving Landscape of Immunotherapy.
黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性皮肤癌，治疗难度很大。
黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性皮肤癌，带来重大的治疗挑战。因此，超越传统化疗、放疗和手术的创新治疗策略正在被积极探索。本综述讨论了晚期黑色素瘤免疫治疗的演变，重点介绍了PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂、mRNA疫苗、Talimogene Laherparepvec（T-VEC）和TIL（肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞）疗法。PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂如pembrolizumab和nivolumab阻断免疫检查点，促进T细胞细胞毒性活性并改善晚期黑色素瘤患者的总生存期。T-VEC是一种修饰的溶瘤疱疹病毒，在溶解恶性细胞的同时促进全身抗肿瘤反应。mRNA疫苗，如Moderna的mRNA-4157/V940，利用恶性细胞特异性新抗原放大适应性免疫反应，同时保护健康组织。TIL疗法是一种涉及患者肿瘤特异性淋巴细胞体外扩增和回输的治疗形式，已被证明可提供持久的肿瘤控制。虽然这些疗法已显示出有前景的临床结果，但肿瘤耐药、高经济负担和可及性有限等挑战对其广泛使用构成了障碍。本综述探讨了联合疗法，如PD-L1抑制剂与mRNA疫苗或TIL疗法，旨在通过协同方法增强治疗。需要进一步研究以优化这些联合方案，解决阻碍其使用的障碍，并控制不良事件。
Melanoma, an aggressive skin cancer, presents significant therapeutic challenges. Consequently, innovative treatment strategies beyond conventional chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery are actively explored. This review discusses the evolution of immunotherapy in advanced melanoma, highlighting PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, mRNA vaccines, Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab block immune checkpoints, promoting T-cell cytotoxic activity and improving overall survival in patients with advanced melanoma. T-VEC, a modified oncolytic herpes virus, promotes a systemic anti-tumor response while simultaneously lysing malignant cells. mRNA vaccines, such as Moderna's mRNA-4157/V940, take advantage of malignant-cell-specific neoantigens to amplify the adaptive immune response while protecting healthy tissue. TIL therapy is a form of therapy involving ex vivo expansion and reinfusion of the patient's tumor-specific lymphocytes and has been shown to provide durable tumor control. While these therapies have demonstrated promising clinical outcomes, challenges such as tumor resistance, high financial burden, and limited accessibility pose challenges to their widespread use. This review explores combination therapies such as PD-L1 inhibitors with mRNA vaccines, or TIL therapy, which aim to enhance treatment through synergistic approaches. Further research is required to optimize these combinations, address barriers preventing their use, and control adverse events.
MEMBER ACCOUNT
登录成功会直接打开下一页。
