侵袭性 NK 细胞白血病的临床病理特征与治疗：病例系列与文献综述

Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia (ANKL) is rare and difficult to diagnose in early stages, with no standard treatment and a poor prognosis. CASE PRESENTATION: Two adolescents with ANKL presented with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), with Case-1 presenting as refractory HLH and Case-2 with lung involvement. The morphology of bone marrow showed an increase in unidentified cells, which mainly expressed CD56. Cytogenetic analysis showed complex karyotypes. Both patients received intensive combined chemotherapy based on pegaspargase and anthracyclines. Case-1 died of tumor lysis syndrome. Case-2 underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is currently alive and disease-free.

HLH can serve as the initial manifestation of ANKL. Leukemia cells of ANKL have significant variations in the morphology and mainly express CD56. Intensive combination chemotherapy based on pegaspargase and anthracyclines may be considered for ANKL.