淋巴瘤相关噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症老年患者的临床病理特征、预后因素和结局：一项多中心分析

Lymphoma is the most common secondary cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in adults. Lymphoma-associated HLH (LA-HLH) in the elderly population is not rare, however, little has been reported regarding clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of LA-HLH in the elderly population.

We retrospectively analyzed a multicenter cohort of elderly patients with LA-HLH. Clinicopathological features and treatment information were collected. The impacts of baseline characteristics and treatments on survival outcomes were analyzed.

A total of 173 elderly patients with LA-HLH were included. Compared with young patients, elderly patients showed different clinical and laboratory features. Regarding lymphoma subtypes, B-cell lymphoma was more common in elderly patients (elderly 61.3% vs. young 32.3%, p < 0.001) while T/NK-cell lymphoma was more common in young patients (65.3% vs. 35.3%, p < 0.001). The median survival of elderly patients with LA-HLH was only 92 days. The prior use of HLH therapy or etoposide-containing HLH therapy was not associated with improved overall survival. T/NK-cell subtype, a lower platelet count ( 53 10 9 /L), a lower albumin level ( 32.1 g/L), a higher LDH level (>1407 U/L), and a higher creatinine level (>96.8 mol/L) were independent predictors of decreased overall survival and 60-day survival. A prognostic index was established and demonstrated to be robust in predicting the overall survival and 60-day survival of elderly patients with LA-HLH.

LA-HLH in elderly patients displayed heterogeneous clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. Treatments need to be optimized to improve the outcomes of elderly patients with LA-HLH.