CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞疗法在非肿瘤性疾病中的应用
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.
CAR-T(CAR-T)细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用推动了这种免疫治疗形式的显著进展。
CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题:The CAR-HEMATOTOX score identifies patients at high risk for hematological toxicity, infectious complications, and poor treatment outcomes following brexucabtagene autoleucel for relapsed or refractory MCL.
The CAR-HEMATOTOX score identifies patients at high risk for hematological toxicity, infectious complications, and poor treatment outcomes following brexucabtagene autoleucel for relapsed or refractory MCL.
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靶向 CD19 的 CAR-T 细胞疗法 brexucabtagene autoleucel(brexu-cel)显著改善了复发/难治性套细胞淋巴瘤(r/r MCL)患者的治疗结局。持续性血细胞减少和感染是常见且具有临床意义的副作用。在这项多中心观察性研究中,我们描述了接受 brexu-cel 治疗的 103 例 r/r MCL 患者的血细胞减少和感染情况,并报告基线 CAR-HEMATOTOX(HT)评分与毒性事件、非复发死亡率(NRM)及无进展/总生存期(PFS/OS)之间的关联。淋巴细胞清除治疗时,56 例患者 HT 评分较低(0–1 分),47 例评分较高(2 分)。
HT 高分组的中性粒细胞减少持续时间更长(中位数 14 天 vs. 6 天,p < 0.001),严重感染率也更高(30% vs. 5%,p = 0.001)。总体 1 年 NRM 为 10.4%,主要归因于感染;基线 HT 评分不同的患者 NRM 有差异(高分组 vs. 低分组:17% vs. 4.6%,p = 0.04)。HT 高分患者的 90 天完全缓解率较低(68% vs. 93%,p = 0.002),PFS 较差(中位数 9 个月 vs. 未达到,p < 0.0001),OS 也较差(中位数 26 个月 vs. 未达到,p < 0.0001)。多变量分析显示,HT 高分与严重血液学毒性、感染以及较差的 PFS/OS 独立相关。
总之,brexu-cel 治疗后感染和血液学毒性较常见,并会导致 NRM;基线 HT 评分可识别治疗结局不佳风险升高的患者。
CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy with brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) has substantially improved treatment outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (r/r MCL). Prolonged cytopenias and infections represent common and clinically relevant side effects. In this multicenter observational study, we describe cytopenias and infections in 103 r/r MCL patients receiving brexu-cel.
Furthermore, we report associations between the baseline CAR-HEMATOTOX (HT) score and toxicity events, non-relapse mortality (NRM), and progression-free/overall survival (PFS/OS). At lymphodepletion, 56 patients were HT low (score 0-1) while 47 patients were HT high (score 2). The HT high cohort exhibited prolonged neutropenia (median 14 vs. 6 days, p < . 001) and an increased rate of severe infections (30% vs. 5%, p = . 001).
Overall, 1-year NRM was 10. 4%, primarily attributed to infections, and differed by baseline HT score (high vs. low: 17% vs. 4. 6%, p = . 04). HT high patients experienced inferior 90-day complete response rate (68% vs. 93%, p = . 002), PFS (median 9 months vs. not-reached, p < . 0001), and OS (median 26 months vs. not-reached, p < . 0001). Multivariable analyses showed that high HT scores were independently associated with severe hematotoxicity, infections, and poor PFS/OS.
In conclusion, infections and hematotoxicity are common after brexu-cel and contribute to NRM. The baseline HT score identified patients at increased risk of poor treatment outcomes.
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