CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Advances in adoptive T-cell therapy for metastatic melanoma.
Advances in adoptive T-cell therapy for metastatic melanoma.
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过继性T细胞治疗（ACT）是免疫肿瘤学（IO）中快速发展的专业领域，正在改变实体瘤治疗格局，尤其是转移性黑色素瘤（MM）。确定肿瘤抗原（TA）作为潜在靶点后，ACT应答可由TIL（肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞）、表达特异性受体的基因修饰T细胞（TCR或嵌合抗原受体[CAR]），以及未来可能采用的自然杀伤（NK）细胞介导。自2006年至今开展的MM ACT临床试验已显示出良好前景。然而，ACT也存在缺点，包括显著的自身免疫毒性和需要预处理性淋巴细胞清除。当前正在通过各种联合治疗进行免疫调节，以期提高疗效并降低毒性。本综述探讨ACT在MM治疗中的作用，包括不同治疗方式的安全性、疗效、风险，以及其在临床试验和真实世界场景中的开发情况。
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is a fast developing, niche area of immunotherapy (IO), which is revolutionising the therapeutic landscape of solid tumour oncology, especially metastatic melanoma (MM). Identifying tumour antigens (TAs) as potential targets, the ACT response is mediated by either Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) or genetically modified T cells with specific receptors - T cell receptors (TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or more prospectively, natural killer (NK) cells.
Clinical trials involving ACT in MM from 2006 to present have shown promising results. Yet it is not without its drawbacks which include significant auto-immune toxicity and need for pre-conditioning lymphodepletion. Although immune-modulation is underway using various combination therapies in the hope of enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity.
Our review article explores the role of ACT in MM, including the various modalities - their safety, efficacy, risks and their development in the trial and the real world setting.
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