复发/难治性 B 细胞淋巴瘤中 CD19 靶向 CAR-T 免疫治疗的短期/长期疗效预测生物标志物与耐药机制

Genetically modified T-cell immunotherapies are revolutionizing the therapeutic options for hematological malignancies, especially those of B-cell origin. Impressive efficacies of CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy have been reported in refractory/relapsed (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients who were resistant to current standard therapies, with a complete remission (CR) rate of approximately 50%.

At the same time, problems of resistance and relapse following CAR-T therapy have drawn growing attention. Recently, great efforts have been made to determine various factors that are connected to the responses and outcomes following CAR-T therapy, which may not only allow us to recognize those with a higher likelihood of responding and who could benefit most from the therapy but also identify those with a high risk of resistance and relapse and to whom further appropriate treatment should be administered following CAR-T therapy.

Thus, we concentrate on the biomarkers that can predict responses and outcomes after CD19-directed CAR-T immunotherapy.

Furthermore, the mechanisms that may lead to treatment failure are also discussed in this review.