肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Mesenchymal stem cell-released oncolytic virus: an innovative strategy for cancer treatment.
溶瘤病毒（OVs）可选择性感染、增殖并最终清除肿瘤细胞，在此过程中不损伤正常细胞。
溶瘤病毒（OV）可选择性感染并增殖于肿瘤细胞，最终将其清除，而不损伤正常细胞。OV具有诱导免疫原性细胞死亡、在基因组中携带治疗性转基因等独特特征，因此作为癌症治疗中与免疫疗法协同应用的候选方案而受到关注。该治疗利用多数肿瘤细胞易被特定OV感染的固有特性，并激发OV感染和溶瘤作用诱导的先天及适应性免疫应答。OV还可调节肿瘤微环境并增强抗肿瘤免疫反应。间充质干细胞（MSC）因有望治疗多种癌症而日益受到关注。MSC具有向肿瘤迁移的趋瘤特性，可作为递送载体，对局限性肿瘤及转移性恶性肿瘤实施有效的靶向治疗。本研究综述临床前和临床研究，探讨将MSC释放的OV用作癌症治疗新方法。
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) infect, multiply, and finally remove tumor cells selectively, causing no damage to normal cells in the process. Because of their specific features, such as, the ability to induce immunogenic cell death and to contain curative transgenes in their genomes, OVs have attracted attention as candidates to be utilized in cooperation with immunotherapies for cancer treatment. This treatment takes advantage of most tumor cells' inherent tendency to be infected by certain OVs and both innate and adaptive immune responses are elicited by OV infection and oncolysis. OVs can also modulate tumor microenvironment and boost anti-tumor immune responses. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are gathering interest as promising anti-cancer treatments with the ability to address a wide range of cancers. MSCs exhibit tumor-trophic migration characteristics, allowing them to be used as delivery vehicles for successful, targeted treatment of isolated tumors and metastatic malignancies. Preclinical and clinical research were reviewed in this study to discuss using MSC-released OVs as a novel method for the treatment of cancer. Video Abstract.
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