CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Cancer organoid co-culture model system: Novel approach to guide precision medicine.
Cancer organoid co-culture model system: Novel approach to guide precision medicine.
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由癌症干细胞自组织形成的三维癌症类器官是肿瘤的离体微缩模型，可忠实再现肿瘤结构、独特癌症特征及遗传特征。作为新型工具，癌症类器官已成功建立，并迅速应用于药物测试、基因组编辑和移植，最终目标是进入临床实践并指导个体化治疗。然而，这一新兴方法的主要局限是缺乏肿瘤微环境，包括免疫细胞和纤维细胞；因此，共培养模型让人们对该技术在癌症研究中的进一步应用寄予厚望。癌症类器官与免疫细胞或成纤维细胞共培养，可用于研究肿瘤微环境、分子相互作用，以及嵌合抗原受体工程化淋巴细胞在癌症治疗中的作用。随着癌症类器官共培养模型近期取得进展，只有认识其优势和不足，才能充分发挥这一新型模型的潜力。本综述总结癌症类器官及共培养模型的近期应用进展，并讨论未来如何改进这些模型以促进癌症研究，尤其是精准医学的发展。
Three-dimensional cancer organoids derived from self-organizing cancer stems are ex vivo miniatures of tumors that faithfully recapitulate their structure, distinctive cancer features, and genetic signatures. As novel tools, current cancer organoids have been well established and rapidly applied in drug testing, genome editing, and transplantation, with the ultimate aim of entering clinical practice for guiding personalized therapy.
However, given that the lack of a tumor microenvironment, including immune cells and fibrous cells, is a major limitation of this emerging methodology, co-culture models inspire high hope for further application of this technology in cancer research. Co-culture of cancer organoids and immune cells or fibroblasts is available to investigate the tumor microenvironment, molecular interactions, and chimeric antigen receptor-engineered lymphocytes in cancer treatment.
In light of the recent progress in cancer organoid co-culture models, it is only possible to recognize the advantages and drawbacks of this novel model to exploit its full potential. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the application of cancer organoids and co-culture models and how they could be improved in the future to benefit cancer research, especially precision medicine.
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