CELL INTELLIGENCE · 肿瘤细胞治疗研究
肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Allogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Hematologic Malignancies.
Allogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Hematologic Malignancies.
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过去数十年，自体嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T 细胞疗法得到广泛研究。目前 FDA 已批准自体 CAR-T 产品治疗 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）、大 B 细胞淋巴瘤、套细胞和滤泡性淋巴瘤以及多发性骨髓瘤。然而，该疗法存在费用较高、生产等待时间长、物流复杂及生产失败风险较高等缺点。异体 CAR-T 疗法目前仍在临床试验中，固有缺点包括细胞排斥、移植物抗宿主病以及安全性和疗效尚不确定。研究者正在探索多种策略来规避这些问题，包括通过不同效应细胞以及改造 HLA 和 T 细胞受体表达。异体 CAR-T 治疗 B-ALL 和 B 细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤的早期结果令人鼓舞，大样本临床试验正在进行。本文讨论 allo-CAR-T 治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的优缺点，并综述这一可规模化策略的最新数据。
Autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been extensively studied over the past decades. Currently, autologous CAR T products are FDA-approved to treat B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), large B cell, mantle cell, and follicular lymphomas, and multiple myeloma.
However, this therapy has drawbacks including higher cost, production lead time, logistical complexity, and higher risk of manufacturing failure. Alternatively, allogeneic CAR T cell therapy, currently under clinical trial, has inherent disadvantages, including cell rejection, graft versus host disease, and undetermined safety and efficacy profiles.
Different strategies, including modifying HLA and T cell receptor expression using different effector cells, are under investigation to circumvent these issues. Early allogeneic CAR T therapy results for B-ALL and B-NHL have been promising. Large sample clinical trials are ongoing.
Here, we discuss the pros and cons of allo-CAR T for hematologic malignancies and review the latest data on this scalable approach.
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