肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Advances and challenges in CAR-T cell therapy for breast cancer: from molecular design to clinical application.
Advances and challenges in CAR-T cell therapy for breast cancer: from molecular design to clinical application.
本综述概述了CAR-T细胞疗法治疗乳腺癌面临的重大障碍，如肿瘤异质性、抑制性肿瘤微环境、脱靶效应和细胞因子风暴，并提出了减轻这些障碍的策略性解决方案。
在全球范围内，乳腺癌仍然是女性发病的主要原因。传统疗法，包括手术干预、放疗和化学治疗，虽然有效，但常常导致显著的不良反应和毒性。CAR-T细胞疗法代表了一种新型免疫治疗策略，其中T细胞被基因修饰以精确靶向并消灭恶性细胞。本文详细介绍了CAR-T细胞的结构和功能，特别是不同代CAR-T细胞在抗肿瘤疗效方面的改进。此外，本文探讨了CAR-T细胞疗法在乳腺癌临床治疗中的主要靶点，如HER2、EGFR和MUC1，并分析了这些靶点在治疗中的潜力和局限性。总之，本综述概述了CAR-T细胞疗法治疗乳腺癌的重大障碍，如肿瘤多样性、抑制性肿瘤微环境、脱靶效应和细胞因子风暴，并提供了减轻这些障碍的策略性解决方案。
Globally, breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity in women. Conventional therapies, including surgical intervention, radiation, and chemical treatments, though effective, frequently result in significant adverse effects and toxicity. CAR-T cell therapy represents a novel immunotherapeutic strategy, wherein T cells are genetically modified to precisely target and eradicate malignant cells. The article provides a detailed introduction to the structure and function of CAR-T cells, particularly the improvements in anti-tumor efficacy across different generations of CAR-T cells. Furthermore, the article explores the primary targets of CAR-T cell therapy in the clinical treatment of breast cancer, such as HER2, EGFR, and MUC1, and analyzes the potential and limitations of these targets in therapy. In conclusion, the review outlines significant hurdles in CAR-T cell therapy for breast cancer, such as tumor diversity, the inhibitory tumor milieu, unintended targeting, and cytokine storm, offering strategic solutions to mitigate these obstacles.
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