肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Gene editing in cancer therapy: overcoming drug resistance and enhancing precision medicine.
CRISPR 系统已彻底改变癌症基因治疗，在靶向癌基因破坏、突变校正和免疫系统调节的基因操作中提供了无与伦比的精确性。
CRISPR系统革新了癌症基因疗法，可精准操纵基因，用于靶向破坏致癌基因、纠正突变及调节免疫系统。这项突破性工具在克服药物耐药、提高化疗敏感性，以及改进CRISPR工程化CAR-T细胞等免疫治疗策略方面展现出显著潜力。此外，溶瘤病毒介导的CRISPR递送已成为肿瘤特异性基因编辑的新方法，可减少脱靶效应。CRISPR癌症疗法迅速从临床前研究进入临床试验，凸显其治疗潜力。本综述探讨CRISPR在癌症治疗中的最新进展，包括基因敲除、用于突变纠正的碱基编辑，以及与免疫和病毒疗法结合的应用。尽管取得显著进展，脱靶效应、免疫应答和递送限制仍是主要障碍。我们讨论提高CRISPR安全性和疗效的当前策略，并强调其在个体化癌症治疗中的潜力。
The CRISPR system has revolutionized cancer gene therapy, offering unparalleled precision in genetic manipulation for targeted oncogene disruption, mutation correction, and immune system modulation. This breakthrough tool has demonstrated remarkable potential in overcoming drug resistance, enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity, and improving immunotherapy strategies such as CRISPR-engineered CAR-T cells. Additionally, oncolytic virus-mediated CRISPR delivery has emerged as a novel approach for tumor-specific gene editing, minimizing off-target effects. The rapid transition of CRISPR-based cancer therapeutics from preclinical research to clinical trials underscores its therapeutic potential. This review explores the latest advancements in CRISPR applications for cancer therapy, including gene knockout, base editing for mutation correction, and integration with immune and viral therapies. Despite significant progress, challenges such as off-target effects, immune responses, and delivery limitations remain key hurdles. We discuss current strategies to enhance CRISPR safety and efficacy, emphasizing its potential for personalized cancer treatment.
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