肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Advancements in gene therapy for lung cancer: from genetic insights to clinical applications.
基因治疗是肺癌治疗中一种具有变革性的方法，利用基因替换、编辑和沉默等策略靶向癌基因并恢复抑癌基因功能。
基因疗法通过基因替代、编辑和沉默等策略靶向癌基因并恢复肿瘤抑制功能，代表肺癌治疗的一种变革性方法。CRISPR/Cas9、RNA 干扰以及腺病毒和腺相关病毒（AAV）等病毒载体技术，已显示克服药物耐药和增强免疫应答的潜力。基于纳米颗粒的递送系统，如外泌体和脂质体，可进一步提高基因递送的精准度和效率。尽管取得进展，脱靶效应、免疫反应和肿瘤异质性等挑战仍然存在。包括 CAR-T 细胞疗法和溶瘤病毒在内的临床试验凸显基因疗法潜力，但优化递送并尽量减少副作用仍是未来进展的关键。本综述概述肺癌基因疗法不断演变的格局，强调其改变治疗范式的潜力。
Gene therapy represents a transformative approach in lung cancer treatment, leveraging strategies such as gene replacement, editing and silencing to target oncogenes and restore tumor suppressor functions. Techniques like CRISPR/Cas9, RNA interference and viral vectors, including adenoviruses and Adeno-Associated Virus (AAVs), have shown promise in overcoming drug resistance and enhancing immune responses. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems, such as exosomes and liposomes, further improve precision and efficacy in gene delivery. Despite advancements, challenges like off-target effects, immune responses and tumor heterogeneity persist. Clinical trials, including CAR T-cell therapies and oncolytic viruses, highlight the potential of gene therapy, yet optimizing delivery and minimizing side effects remain critical for future progress. This review underscores the evolving landscape of gene therapy in lung cancer, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize treatment paradigms.
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