肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：NK cells in renal cell carcinoma and its implications for CAR-NK therapy.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是一种占成人癌症3%的恶性肿瘤，20%-30%的患者初诊时即为转移性RCC，而转移性RCC全身治疗的中位总生存期（OS）为16个月至50个月。
肾细胞癌（RCC）是一种占成人癌症3%的恶性肿瘤，20%-30%的患者在初诊时即被诊断为转移性RCC，而转移性RCC系统治疗的中位总生存期（OS）为16个月至50个月。免疫治疗是一种依赖于免疫细胞与肿瘤细胞特异性结合的新型疗法，可能成为晚期肾细胞癌的潜在治疗手段。尽管嵌合抗原受体NK细胞（CAR-NK）疗法已在多种实体瘤中开展研究，多个团队也报道了其应用于RCC的具体研究。在本综述中，我们介绍了NK细胞的细胞毒性机制，总结了RCC与NK细胞之间的联系，并对肾细胞癌CAR-NK治疗提出了新的见解。迄今为止，大多数针对肾细胞癌与NK细胞的研究仅阐述了NK细胞细胞毒性机制以及NK细胞免疫抑制甚至免疫逃逸，然而其中涉及的分子也可能成为肾细胞癌CAR-NK治疗的有趣靶点。
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignancy that makes up 3% of adult cancers and 20%-30% of patients were diagnosed with metastatic RCC in the beginning, while the median overall survival (OS) of metastatic RCC systemic therapy ranges from 16 months to 50 months. Immunotherapy, a novel therapy that relies on the specific binding of immune cells and tumor cells, may be a potential therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. While chimeric antigen receptor NK-cell (CAR-NK) therapy has been investigated in a variety of solid tumors, specific research on its application to RCC has also been reported by several teams. In this review, we introduced the cytotoxicity mechanisms of NK cells, summarized the connections between RCC and NK cells, and posted new insights into renal cell carcinoma CAR-NK therapy. To date, most researches focusing on renal cell carcinoma and NK cells only claimed the mechanisms of NK cell cytotoxicity and NK cell immune suppression and even immune escape, yet the molecules involved could also be interesting targets for renal cell carcinoma CAR-NK therapy.
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