肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Harnessing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-engineered Invariant Natural Killer T Cells: Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer and the Tumor Microenvironment.
Harnessing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-engineered Invariant Natural Killer T Cells: Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer and the Tumor Microenvironment.
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嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程化T（CAR-T）细胞疗法已成为癌症治疗的一种革命性方法，尤其是对血液系统恶性肿瘤。然而，CAR-T 疗法存在一些局限性，包括细胞因子释放综合征（CRS）、免疫细胞相关神经毒性综合征（ICANS），以及由于移植物抗宿主病（GvHD）而难以靶向实体瘤和递送异体细胞疗法。因此，探索其他用于CAR工程的细胞来源非常重要。恒定自然杀伤T（iNKT）细胞是一个潜在的靶点，因为它们具有强大的抗肿瘤能力，且不识别错配的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）和蛋白质抗原，从而避免了GvHD风险。CAR工程化iNKT（CAR-iNKT）细胞疗法通过克服CAR-T 细胞疗法的缺点同时保留强大的抗肿瘤能力，为癌症免疫治疗提供了一种有前景的新方法。本综述总结了当前的CAR-iNKT细胞产品、其功能和表型，以及它们在现货型癌症免疫治疗中的潜力。
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach for cancer treatment, especially for hematologic cancers.
However, CAR-T therapy has some limitations, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune cellassociated neurologic syndrome (ICANS), and difficulty in targeting solid tumors and delivering allogeneic cell therapy due to graft- versus -host disease (GvHD).
Therefore, it is important to explore other cell sources for CAR engineering. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a potential target, as they possess powerful antitumor ability and do not recognize mismatched major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) and protein antigens, thus avoiding the risk of GvHD.
CAR-engineered iNKT (CAR-iNKT) cell therapy offers a promising new approach to cancer immunotherapy by overcoming the drawbacks of CAR-T cell therapy while retaining potent antitumor capabilities. This review summarizes the current CAR-iNKT cell products, their functions and phenotypes, and their potential for off-the-shelf cancer immunotherapy.
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