肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Updated Clinical Perspectives and Challenges of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy in Colorectal Cancer and Invasive Breast Cancer.
近年来，结直肠癌（CRC）和乳腺癌（BC）的发病率在全球范围内上升，并因缺乏选择性抗肿瘤疗法而导致更高的死亡率。
近年来，结直肠癌（CRC）和乳腺癌（BC）的发病率在全球范围内不断上升，并因缺乏选择性抗肿瘤疗法而导致更高的死亡率。目前的化疗和手术干预是治疗晚期CRC或BC的显著优选方式，但晚期CRC和BC患者的预后仍然不容乐观。嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T细胞免疫治疗技术在治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤时已取得显著的临床疗效。新型CAR-T治疗靶抗原包括GUCY2C、CLEC14A、CD26、TEM8/ANTXR1、PDPN、PTK7、PODXL、CD44、CD19、CD20、CD22、BCMA、GD2、Mesothelin、TAG-72、CEA、EGFR、B7H3、HER2、IL13Ra2、MUC1、EpCAM、PSMA、PSCA、NKG2D。本综述的重要目的是探讨与CRC和BC的几种新型CAR-T靶点相关的最新信息。我们生动地描述了CAR-T疗法在治疗CRC或BC时面临的挑战。实体瘤的免疫抑制微环境、肿瘤特异性抗原的缺乏以及治疗后的副作用是推动CAR-T细胞发展的主要障碍。若干针对CRC或BC的CAR-T免疫治疗相关临床试验已经在进行中。本综述有助于学者、临床医生和临床肿瘤学家更深入地探索新型CAR-T靶点，并克服该疗法过程中的挑战。
In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC) has increased worldwide and caused a higher mortality rate due to the lack of selective anti-tumor therapies. Current chemotherapies and surgical interventions are significantly preferred modalities to treat CRC or BC in advanced stages but the prognosis for patients with advanced CRC and BC remains dismal. The immunotherapy technique of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells has resulted in significant clinical outcomes when treating hematologic malignancies. The novel CAR-T therapy target antigens include GUCY2C, CLEC14A, CD26, TEM8/ANTXR1, PDPN, PTK7, PODXL, CD44, CD19, CD20, CD22, BCMA, GD2, Mesothelin, TAG-72, CEA, EGFR, B7H3, HER2, IL13Ra2, MUC1, EpCAM, PSMA, PSCA, NKG2D. The significant aim of this review is to explore the recently updated information pertinent to several novel targets of CAR-T for CRC, and BC. We vividly described the challenges of CAR-T therapies when treating CRC or BC. The immunosuppressive microenvironment of solid tumors, the shortage of tumor-specific antigens, and post-treatment side effects are the major hindrances to promoting the development of CAR-T cells. Several clinical trials related to CAR-T immunotherapy against CRC or BC have already been in progress. This review benefits academicians, clinicians, and clinical oncologists to explore more about the novel CAR-T targets and overcome the challenges during this therapy.
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