肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Molecular alterations of driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer: from diagnostics to targeted therapy.
Molecular alterations of driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer: from diagnostics to targeted therapy.
大多数（80-85%）肺癌病例被归类为非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）。
肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因。大多数（80-85%）肺癌病例被归类为非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）。在NSCLC中，腺癌（AC）和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是最常见的类型。NSCLC的组织学和免疫组化检查是基本的诊断工具，但不足以做出全面的治疗决策。在一些NSCLC患者中，主要是腺癌，可发现驱动基因的分子改变，如EGFR、KRAS、HER2、ALK、MET、BRAF、RET、ROS1和NTRK。其中一些改变的频率因种族以及吸烟者和非吸烟者而不同。使用现代方法（如二代测序）对NSCLC进行分子诊断，对于评估靶向、个体化治疗至关重要。近年来，在理解分子研究对NSCLC精准治疗的重要性方面出现了突破。许多新药获批，包括酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和免疫检查点抑制剂。针对NSCLC患者的测试新分子（如miRNA）的临床试验以及CAR-T 细胞试验正在进行中。
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death all over the world. The majority (80-85 %) of lung cancer cases are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Within NSCLC, adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most often recognized. The histological and immunohistochemical examination of NSCLC is a basic diagnostic tool, but insufficient for comprehensive therapeutic decisions. In some NSCLC patients, mainly adenocarcinoma, molecular alterations in driver genes, like EGFR , KRAS , HER2 , ALK , MET , BRAF , RET, ROS1, and NTRK are recognized. The frequency of some of those changes is different depending on race, and between smokers and non-smokers. The molecular diagnostics of NSCLC using modern methods, like next-generation sequencing, is essential in estimating targeted, personalized therapy. In recent years, a breakthrough in understanding the importance of molecular studies for the precise treatment of NSCLC has been observed. Many new drugs were approved, including tyrosine kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical trials testing novel molecules like miRNAs and trials with CAR-T cells (chimeric antigen receptor - T cells) dedicated to NSCLC patients are ongoing.
MEMBER ACCOUNT
登录成功会直接打开下一页。
