肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Nanomedicine for advanced cancer immunotherapy.
免疫治疗已成为一种强大的策略，用于治疗液体肿瘤，以克服传统癌症疗法的局限性。
免疫治疗已成为一种强大的策略，用于治疗液体肿瘤，以克服传统癌症疗法的局限性。纳米医学递送系统提供了增强癌症免疫治疗并将其扩展至实体瘤的可能性。在此，我们讨论医用纳米颗粒在提高免疫治疗疗效方面的应用。我们首先关注用于癌症免疫治疗的纳米医学颗粒，以将肽疫苗和 mRNA 疫苗递送至淋巴结；以及基于外泌体的治疗性癌症疫苗。接下来，我们强调纳米医学在免疫检查点治疗中的应用，以延长治疗效果、增强肿瘤靶向能力并克服耐药性。我们还评估了纳米医学颗粒在溶瘤病毒治疗中的作用，使病毒或溶瘤质粒/溶瘤毒性蛋白能够全身注射；以及病毒以不依赖受体的方式进入。最后，我们关注纳米颗粒在嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T 细胞治疗中的应用，以工程化 CAR T 细胞，增强 T 细胞增殖和浸润。我们设想纳米医学颗粒将增强免疫治疗的疗效，并在可预见的未来彻底改变癌症治疗。
Immunotherapy has emerged as a powerful strategy for liquid tumors to overcome the limitations of conventional cancer therapies. The nanomedical delivery system offers the possibility of enhancing cancer immunotherapy and expanding it to solid tumors. Here, we discuss the applications of medical nanoparticles to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. We first focus on nanomedical particles used in cancer immunotherapy to deliver peptide and mRNA vaccines to the lymph nodes; and the exosome-based therapeutic cancer vaccine. Next, we highlight the applications of nanomedicine in immune checkpoint therapy to prolong the therapeutic effects, enhance tumor-targeting ability, and overcome drug resistance. We also evaluate the roles of nanomedical particles in oncolytic viral treatment, enabling the systemic injection of viruses or oncolytic plasmids/oncotoxic proteins; and virus entry in a receptor-independency manner. Lastly, we focus on nanoparticles in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy to engineer CAR T cells, enhancing T cell proliferation and infiltration. We envision the nanomedical particles enhancing the therapeutic effects of immunotherapy and revolutionizing cancer therapy in the foreseeable future.
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