肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Colorectal cancer immunotherapy-Recent progress and future directions.
Colorectal cancer immunotherapy-Recent progress and future directions.
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与传统化疗和靶向治疗相比，免疫治疗改变了多种实体瘤的治疗前景，并且最近已成为转移性或复发性实体瘤的主要治疗方法，包括恶性黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌和肾细胞癌。
与传统化疗和靶向治疗相比，免疫治疗改变了多种实体瘤的治疗前景，近年来已成为包括恶性黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌和肾细胞癌在内的转移性或复发性实体瘤的主要治疗方式。以免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）为基础的免疫治疗用于结直肠癌（CRC）患者时，安全性和疗效令人满意；包括pembrolizumab、nivolumab和ipilimumab在内的多种免疫治疗药物已获批用于晚期CRC。嵌合抗原受体修饰T（CAR-T）细胞或癌症疫苗等其他免疫疗法的出现，也推动了CRC免疫治疗的发展。本文总结近期临床试验中免疫治疗对CRC疗效的发现，简要介绍肿瘤内在ICI耐药机制，并讨论用于预测免疫治疗疗效的潜在生物标志物。
Compared with conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy, immunotherapy has changed the treatment prospects of various solid tumors and has recently become the main treatment method for metastatic or recurrent solid tumors, including malignant melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. The application of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) has yielded satisfactory results in terms of safety and efficacy, and several immunotherapeutic agents, including pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, have been approved for the treatment of advanced CRC. The advent of other immunotherapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells or cancer vaccines, have also contributed to the development of immunotherapy for CRC. Here, we summarize the findings of recent clinical trials on the efficacy of immunotherapy in CRC and briefly describe the mechanisms associated with tumor-intrinsic resistance to ICIs. We then discuss potential biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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