肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Recent Advances in IL-13Rα2-Directed Cancer Immunotherapy.
Recent Advances in IL-13Rα2-Directed Cancer Immunotherapy.
白细胞介素-13 受体 α2 亚基（IL-13R 2，CD213A）是抗炎性 Th2 细胞因子 IL-13 的高亲和力膜受体，在多种实体瘤中过表达，并与胶质母细胞瘤、结直肠癌的不良预后相关。
白细胞介素13受体α2亚基（IL-13Rα2，CD213A）是抗炎性Th2细胞因子IL-13的高亲和力膜受体，在多种实体瘤中过表达，并与胶质母细胞瘤、结直肠癌、肾上腺皮质癌、胰腺癌及乳腺癌的不良预后相关。IL-13Rα2最初被认为是IL-13信号的诱饵受体，但近期证据显示，IL-13可在人细胞中通过IL-13Rα2传导信号。此外，IL-13Rα2表达及其介导的信号已被证明可促进肿瘤增殖、细胞存活、肿瘤进展、侵袭和转移。鉴于其在肿瘤组织与正常组织中的差异表达，IL-13Rα2既是可靶向受体，也是免疫原性抗原，因此成为颇具吸引力的免疫治疗靶点。针对IL-13Rα2已开发多种有希望的策略，包括免疫毒素、癌症疫苗和嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞。本短篇综述讨论临床前及临床研究中的IL-13Rα2靶向疗法新进展，并介绍提高此类疗法疗效的潜在策略。
Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13R 2, CD213A), a high-affinity membrane receptor of the anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokine IL-13, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and is correlated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. While initially hypothesized as a decoy receptor for IL-13-mediated signaling, recent evidence demonstrates IL-13 can signal through IL-13R 2 in human cells. In addition, expression of IL-13R 2 and IL-13R 2-mediated signaling has been shown to promote tumor proliferation, cell survival, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Given its differential expression in tumor versus normal tissue, IL-13R 2 is an attractive immunotherapy target, as both a targetable receptor and an immunogenic antigen. Multiple promising strategies, including immunotoxins, cancer vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have been developed to target IL-13R 2. In this mini-review, we discuss recent developments surrounding IL-13R 2-targeted therapies in pre-clinical and clinical study, including potential strategies to improve IL-13R 2-directed cancer treatment efficacy.
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