肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Antigen-Specific TCR-T Cells for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: State of the Art and Challenges.
急性髓系白血病（AML）涉及的细胞遗传学异常和分子突变带来了独特的治疗挑战。
急性髓系白血病（AML）涉及的细胞遗传异常和分子突变带来了独特治疗挑战。过继T细胞疗法（ACT），如嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞疗法，在白血病、尤其B细胞恶性肿瘤治疗中显示出良好前景，但AML的最佳细胞表面抗原靶点尚未发现。另一种方法是利用T细胞受体（TCR）重定向T细胞，使其靶向HLA分子呈递的胞内抗原，从而探索更广泛的新治疗靶点。例如，过继转移WT1抗原特异性TCR-T细胞免疫治疗已在AML患者中取得积极临床成果。尽管如此，AML仍可通过产生免疫抑制因子或释放多种细胞因子逃避免疫系统清除。本文综述抗原特异性TCR-T细胞治疗AML的近期进展，并讨论其临床应用挑战和未来方向。
The cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular mutations involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) lead to unique treatment challenges. Although adoptive T-cell therapies (ACT) such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy have shown promising results in the treatment of leukemias, especially B-cell malignancies, the optimal target surface antigen has yet to be discovered for AML. Alternatively, T-cell receptor (TCR)-redirected T cells can target intracellular antigens presented by HLA molecules, allowing the exploration of a broader territory of new therapeutic targets. Immunotherapy using adoptive transfer of WT1 antigen-specific TCR-T cells, for example, has had positive clinical successes in patients with AML. Nevertheless, AML can escape from immune system elimination by producing immunosuppressive factors or releasing several cytokines. This review presents recent advances of antigen-specific TCR-T cells in treating AML and discusses their challenges and future directions in clinical applications.
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