肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions.
免疫治疗方法，包括过继性细胞疗法，彻底改变了多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的治疗。
免疫治疗方法，包括过继性细胞疗法，已经彻底改变了多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的治疗。由于树突状细胞（DCs）是专业的抗原呈递细胞，也是肿瘤特异性免疫应答的关键启动者，基于DC的免疫治疗代表了一种有吸引力的癌症治疗策略。过去几年中，多种基于DC的方法，特别是使用体外生成的单核细胞衍生DC，已在MM的临床前和临床研究中进行了测试。然而，MM患者的长期和持久缓解有限，这可能归因于单核细胞衍生DC的来源以及免疫抑制性骨髓微环境。在这篇综述中，我们简要总结了骨髓微环境中的DC发育以及主要DC亚群的表型和功能特征。我们讨论了MM中已知的DC缺陷，并概述了已在MM患者中测试的基于DC的疫苗接种方案。最后，我们还提供了利用新的、改进的基于DC的方法和联合治疗来提高DC疫苗疗效的策略，以用于MM患者。
Immunotherapeutic approaches, including adoptive cell therapy, revolutionized treatment in multiple myeloma (MM). As dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells and key initiators of tumor-specific immune responses, DC-based immunotherapy represents an attractive therapeutic approach in cancer. The past years, various DC-based approaches, using particularly ex-vivo-generated monocyte-derived DCs, have been tested in preclinical and clinical MM studies. However, long-term and durable responses in MM patients were limited, potentially attributed to the source of monocyte-derived DCs and the immunosuppressive bone marrow microenvironment. In this review, we briefly summarize the DC development in the bone marrow niche and the phenotypical and functional characteristics of the major DC subsets. We address the known DC deficiencies in MM and give an overview of the DC-based vaccination protocols that were tested in MM patients. Lastly, we also provide strategies to improve the efficacy of DC vaccines using new, improved DC-based approaches and combination therapies for MM patients.
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