决定异体 CAR T 细胞排斥与扩增的细胞和分子机制
Cellular and molecular mechanisms determining allogeneic CAR T cell rejection and expansion.
我们评估了11例接受单一批次cemacabtagene ansegedleucel(cema-cel)治疗的大B细胞淋巴瘤患者,cemacabtagene ansegedleucel是一种异体抗CD19 CAR T产品。
英文原题:P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 Allogeneic CAR-T Cells in the Treatment of Subjects With B Cell Malignancies
P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 Allogeneic CAR-T Cells in the Treatment of Subjects With B Cell Malignancies
分数与星级只用于站内排序 —— 不代表疗效、安全性或个人适用性。
这是一项 I 期注册临床试验,评估 CD19 细胞治疗用于弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤、B 细胞淋巴瘤、大 B 细胞淋巴瘤的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:进行中(不再招募)。计划入组 120 例。试验地点:美国 · 洛马林达、洛杉矶、奥兰多、印第安纳波利斯(共 16 个中心)。登记号:NCT06014762。
不限性别 · ≥ 18 Years
纳入标准 1. 已签署书面知情同意书。 2. 年龄≥18岁,男女不限。 3. 既往活检确诊弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL,NOS,包括惰性淋巴瘤转化的DLBCL)、高级别B细胞淋巴瘤(HGBL)、原发纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤(PMBCL)、转化性滤泡性淋巴瘤(tFL)或3B级滤泡性淋巴瘤。 4. 按WHO 2016分类标准确诊。 5. 按Lugano 2016标准存在可测量病灶。 6. 疾病复发或难治,且已接受充分既往抗肿瘤治疗,具体如下: a. 既往全身化疗必须包括一线化学免疫治疗,方案含抗CD20抗体、蒽环类药物,并符合下列至少一项: i. 一线治疗无应答(原发难治);或疾病难治(最佳疗效为疾病稳定、进展、部分缓解,或完全缓解后不足3个月复发)。 ii. 接受两线或以上治疗后疾病进展。不过,最后一线治疗至少2个周期后最佳疗效为疾病稳定,且稳定持续时间距最后一次治疗不超过6个月,也可入组。 iii. 自体造血干细胞移植(ASCT)后难治:移植后≤12个月疾病进展或复发(复发者须活检证实)。如移植后接受挽救治疗,则对最后一线治疗无应答或治疗后复发。 iv. 对含抗CD20抗体及蒽环类药物的一线治疗难治(疾病稳定、进展、部分缓解或完全缓解后不足3个月复发),或复发(完全/部分缓解后复发,复发时间为治疗后至少3个月且不超过12个月)。 7. 有生育能力的男女受试者须同意从筛选开始至接受P-CD19CD20-ALLO1后研究第一年结束期间采取避孕措施。 8. 有生育能力的女性筛选时血清妊娠试验阴性,并须在开始淋巴清除化疗前3天内尿妊娠试验阴性。 9. 如曾接受ASCT,距移植至少90天。 10. 允许既往接受CD19靶向治疗,但末次给药须距本研究P-CD19CD20-ALLO1治疗开始至少90天。若曾接受自体CAR-T 治疗,须至少间隔3个月;既往CAR-T 或其他T细胞靶向治疗须经医学监查员批准。 11. 重要器官功能充分(或经医学监查员批准): a. 血清肌酐≤1.5 mg/dL,或按Cockcroft-Gault公式估算的肌酐清除率≥30 mL/min,且不依赖透析。 b. 血液学功能充分:无生长因子支持时中性粒细胞绝对计数(ANC)≥1000/μL(7天内未使用粒细胞集落刺激因子[G-CSF],或14天内未使用聚乙二醇化G-CSF);无输注支持时血小板≥50,000/μL(7天内未输注血小板);无输血支持时血红蛋白≥8 g/dL(7天内未输注红细胞或全血)。 c. 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)≤正常值上限(ULN)的3倍,总胆红素≤2.0 mg/dL;Gilbert综合征病史者总胆红素≤3 mg/dL。 d. 左心室射血分数(LVEF)≥45%,且评估须在入组前4周内完成。 12. 既往治疗引起的毒性已恢复至NCI不良事件通用术语标准(CTCAE)v5.0 ≤2级或受试者既往基线水平。 13. ECOG体能状态评分为0至1。 排除标准 1. 妊娠或哺乳。 2. 静脉通路不足。 3. 活动性溶血性贫血、POEMS综合征(多发性神经病、脏器肿大、内分泌病、单克隆蛋白及皮肤改变)、弥散性血管内凝血、白细胞淤滞或淀粉样变。 4. 入组前2年内同时或既往患有其他恶性肿瘤;已根治的肿瘤除外,包括基底细胞或鳞状细胞皮肤癌、前列腺上皮内瘤变、宫颈或乳腺原位癌、鲍恩病。其他已根治且复发风险低、未列出的恶性肿瘤,经申办方医学监查员审核批准后也可考虑入组。 5. 活动性自身免疫病,如银屑病、多发性硬化症、狼疮、类风湿关节炎等;是否属于活动性自身免疫病由医学监查员判定。 6. 有严重中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病史,如卒中、癫痫、原发性CNS淋巴瘤等;是否严重由医学监查员判定。 7. 活动性全身感染(例如引起发热或需抗感染治疗)。 8. 有乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)或人T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV)感染史,或有任何免疫缺陷综合征。既往丙型肝炎经治疗者,如多次聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测阴性并经医学监查员批准,可入组。 9. 筛选时PCR检测人疱疹病毒(HHV)-6或HHV-7阳性。HHV-6或HHV-7 IgG抗体阳性但PCR阴性者可入组。 10. NYHA心功能III或IV级心力衰竭、不稳定型心绞痛,或有心肌梗死或显著心律失常史(例如心房颤动、持续超过30秒的室性快速性心律失常等)。 11. 存在任何研究者或医学监查员认为会妨碍安全参加研究和/或遵循方案的精神或躯体疾病(例如未另行说明的心血管、内分泌、肾脏、胃肠、泌尿生殖、免疫缺陷或肺部疾病);包括提示受试者很可能不符合或无法接受淋巴清除(LD)化疗和/或CAR-T 细胞给药的疾病或实验室检查结果。 12. 开始LD化疗前2周内接受过非单克隆抗体(mAb)抗癌药物。 13. 开始LD化疗前4周内接受过mAb治疗。 14. 接受P-CD19CD20-ALLO1前2周内使用免疫抑制药物,和/或预期研究期间需要使用此类药物;某药物是否属于免疫抑制药由医学监查员判定。 15. 接受P-CD19CD20-ALLO1前1周或5个半衰期(以较短者为准)内接受全身性皮质类固醇治疗,剂量超过泼尼松5 mg/日或其他皮质类固醇的等效剂量;或预计研究期间需要此类治疗。允许局部及吸入性类固醇。接受P-CD19CD20-ALLO1细胞后,除研究方案特别指示或经医学监查员批准外,禁用全身性皮质类固醇。 16. 有CNS转移或CNS受累,包括软脑膜癌病、脑神经麻痹、占位性病变、马尾综合征及脊髓压迫。 17. 对本研究使用的任何药物有严重速发型超敏反应史。 18. 曾接受异基因或异种移植,或自体移植距今不足90天。既往接受异基因造血干细胞移植者,如未使用免疫抑制药物并经医学监查员批准,可入组。 19. 既往接受过异基因基因修饰细胞治疗,或接受过试验性异基因细胞治疗。 20. 既往治疗期间发生过≥3级噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症/巨噬细胞活化综合征(HLH/MAS)或神经毒性;入组时既往治疗引起的HLH/MAS、神经毒性或细胞因子释放综合征(CRS)症状均须已消退。 21. 筛选时直接抗人球蛋白试验(DAT)阳性(经医学监查员批准者可例外)。
Inclusion Criteria
1. Must have signed written, informed consent.
2. Males or females ≥ 18 years of age.
3. Must have prior biopsy proven confirmed diagnosis of DLBCL NOS (including DLBCL arising from indolent lymphomas), HGBL, PMBCL,and tFL or follicular lymphoma Grade 3B.
4. Diagnosis of the disease based on WHO 2016 (Swerdlow, 2016) criteria.
5. Subjects must have measurable disease as defined by Lugano 2016 criteria (Cheson, 2016).
6. Must have relapsed/refractory disease and have received adequate prior anti-cancer therapy, as defined below:
a. Prior systemic chemotherapy must include a line of chemoimmunotherapy that includes an anti-CD20 antibody, an anthracycline, and 1 or more of the following: i. No response to first-line therapy (primary refractory disease). Refractory disease (defined as SD, PD, PR or CR with relapse before 3 months).
ii. Progressive disease following two or more lines of therapy. However, SD as the best response after at least 2 cycles of the last line of therapy with SD duration no longer than 6 months from the last dose of therapy is also acceptable.
iii. Refractory post-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Disease progression or relapse occurring at less than or equal to 12 months of undergoing ASCT (must have biopsy proven recurrence in relapsed patients). If salvage therapy is given post-ASCT, the patient must have had no response to or relapsed after the last line of therapy.
iv. Refractory disease (SD, PD, PR or CR with relapse before 3 months) or relapsed disease (defined as CR/PR with relapse on, or after lasting at least 3 months but no more than 12 months), to CD20 antibody and anthracycline containing first-line therapy.
7. Must be willing to practice birth control from the time of Screening and throughout the first year of the study after P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 administration (both males and females of childbearing potential).
8. Must have a negative serum pregnancy test at Screening and a negative urine pregnancy test within 3 days prior to initiating the lymphodepletion chemotherapy regimen (females of childbearing potential).
9. Must be at least 90 days since ASCT, if performed.
10. Treatment with prior CD19 targeted therapy is allowed, provided the last dose was administered at least 90 days before the start of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 treatment in this study. Must be at least 3 months since autologous CAR-T therapy if such therapy was administered (medical monitor must approve prior CAR-T therapy or other prior T cell targeted therapy).
11. Must have adequate vital organ function, defined as follows (or medical monitor approval):
1. Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL or estimated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min as calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula and not dialysis-dependent.
2. Adequate hematologic function, including:
i. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/μL in the absence of growth factor support (granulocyte colony stimulating factor \[G-CSF\] within 7 days or peg-G-CSF within 14 days) ii. Platelet count ≥ 50,000/μL in the absence of transfusion support (platelet transfusion within 7 days) iii. Hemoglobin ≥ 8 g/dL in the absence of transfusion support (red blood cell count or whole blood within 7 days) c. Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 3 × the upper limit of normal (ULN), and total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dL (unless there is a history of Gilbert's Syndrome in which case bilirubin levels ≤ 3 mg/dL).
d. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 45%. LVEF assessment must have been performed within 4 weeks of enrollment.
12. Must have recovered from toxicities due to prior therapies to Grade ≤ 2 according to the NCI CTCAE v5.0 criteria or to the subject's prior baseline.
13. Must have an ECOG performance status of 0 to 1.
Exclusion Criteria
1. Is pregnant or lactating.
2. Has inadequate venous access.
3. Has active hemolytic anemia, POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes), disseminated intravascular coagulation, leukostasis, or amyloidosis.
4. Concurrent or previous other malignancy within 2 years of study entry, except curatively treated malignancies including basal or squamous cell skin cancer, prostate intraepithelial neoplasm, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, breast, or Bowen's disease. Patients with other curatively treated malignancies with low risk of recurrence not listed may also be considered eligible after review and approval by the Sponsor medical monitor.
5. Has active autoimmune disease, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. (the medical monitor will determine if a disease is active and autoimmune).
6. Has a history of significant central nervous system (CNS) disease, such as stroke, epilepsy, primary CNS lymphoma, etc. (the medical monitor will determine if significant).
7. Has an active systemic infection (e.g., causing fevers or requiring antimicrobial treatment).
8. Has a history of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection, or any immunodeficiency syndrome. Subjects with a history of treated hepatitis C can be enrolled if negative by hepatitis C polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on multiple occasions and with medical monitor approval.
9. Is positive for human herpes virus (HHV)-6 or HHV-7 infection by PCR at the Screening Visit (subjects may be included in the study if they are HHV-6 or HHV-7 IgG antibody-positive but PCR-negative).
10. Has New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV heart failure, unstable angina, or a history of myocardial infarction or significant arrhythmia (e.g., atrial fibrillation, sustained \[\> 30 seconds\] ventricular tachyarrhythmias, etc.).
11. Has any psychiatric or medical disorder (e.g., cardiovascular, endocrine, renal, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, immunodeficiency or pulmonary disorder not otherwise specified) that would, in the opinion of the Investigator or medical monitor, preclude safe participation in and/or adherence to the protocol (including medical conditions or laboratory findings that indicate a significant probability of not qualifying for or being unable to undergo, LD chemotherapy and/or CAR-T cell administration).
12. Has received non-mAb anti-cancer medications within 2 weeks of the time of initiating LD chemotherapy.
13. Has received mAb therapy within 4 weeks of initiating LD chemotherapy.
14. Has received immunosuppressive medications within 2 weeks of the time of administration of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1, and/or expected to require them while on study (the medical monitor will determine if a medication is considered immunosuppressive.)
15. Has received systemic corticosteroid therapy \> 5 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent dose of another corticosteroid within 1 week or 5 half-lives (whichever is shorter) of the administration of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 or is expected to require it during the course of the study. (Topical and inhaled steroids are permitted. Systemic corticosteroids are contraindicated after receiving P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 cells outside of study-specific guidance or medical monitor approval).
16. Has CNS metastases or CNS involvement (including leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, cranial neuropathies or mass lesions, cauda equina syndrome, and spinal cord compression).
17. Has a history of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents used in this study.
18. Has a history of having undergone allogeneic or xenogeneic transplant, or has undergone autologous transplantation within 90 days. Subjects with prior history of allogeneic stem cell transplant may be enrolled if they are not on immunosuppressive medications and with medical monitor approval.
19. Has received prior allogeneic genetically modified cellular therapy or was treated with experimental allogeneic cell therapy.
20. History or Grade ≥ 3 HLH/MAS or neurotoxicity with prior therapies (all symptoms of HLH/MAS, neurotoxicity, or CRS from prior therapies must be resolved at the time of enrollment).
21. Has positive DAT at Screening Visit (may be allowed with medical monitor approval).以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Assess the safety and MTD or RDE of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 based on dose limiting toxicities (DLT) · Rate of DLT's · Baseline through 28 days
次要终点:The safety of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 (AEs);The anti-B cell malignancy effect of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 (ORR);The anti-B cell malignancy effect of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 (DOR);The anti-B cell malignancy effect of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 (PFS);The anti-B cell malignancy effect of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 (OS);The effect of cell dose and LD regimen to guide selection of specific cell dose and LD regimen for further assessment in Phase 2/3 studies
接受S预处理化疗方案后给予P-CD19CD20-ALLO1;可给予Rimiducid。
接受LD 750预处理化疗方案后给予P-CD19CD20-ALLO1;可给予Rimiducid。
接受LD 1000预处理化疗方案后给予P-CD19CD20-ALLO1;可给予Rimiducid。
这是一项I期开放标签研究,采用剂量递增及扩展队列设计,评估异基因T干细胞记忆型(Tscm)CAR-T 细胞P-CD19CD20-ALLO1治疗复发/难治性B细胞恶性肿瘤受试者的安全性和疗效。
Phase 1 study comprised of open-label, dose escalation and expansion cohort study of P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 allogeneic T stem cell memory (Tscm) CAR-T cells in subjects with relapsed/refractory B cell malignancies
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