TCR-JANUS 衔接蛋白实现双特异性靶向以克服 TCR-T 细胞治疗中的肿瘤异质性
TCR-JANUS engager proteins enable bispecific targeting to overcome tumor heterogeneity in TCR-T cell therapy.
基于 T 细胞受体(TCR)的免疫疗法受限于肿瘤抗原异质性,后者常导致复发。
英文原题:Hotspot TCR-T: A Phase I/Ib Study of Adoptively Transferred T-cell Receptor Gene-engineered T Cells (TCR-T)
这是一项 I 期注册临床试验,评估 T 细胞治疗肿瘤的安全性、可行性及初步疗效。当前状态:进行中(不再招募)。计划入组 24 例。试验地点:美国 · 波特兰(共 1 个中心)。登记号:NCT04520711。
不限性别
纳入标准: 1. 年龄≥18岁,患有转移性或局部区域晚期上皮癌,且被认为无法治愈。 2. 经Tran实验室确认存在适用于TCR基因治疗的新抗原反应性T细胞受体(TCR)。 3. ECOG体能状态0、1或2。 4. 实验室指标:白细胞≥2,000/μL;中性粒细胞≥1,000/μL;血红蛋白>8.0 g/dL(可输血达到该水平);血小板>100,000/mm³;肌酐≤2.0 mg/dL;AST和ALT≤2.5倍ULN;碱性磷酸酶≤2.5倍ULN;总胆红素≤2倍ULN(Gilbert综合征患者≤3.0 mg/dL)。若总胆红素>1.5,结合胆红素须≤ULN(仅总胆红素超过ULN时检测);若机构未设ULN,结合胆红素须<总胆红素的40%。 5. 乙肝核心抗体(总抗-HBc)阳性者,只有在qPCR检测不到HBV DNA时方可入组。 6. 丙肝病毒(HCV)抗体阳性者,只有在qPCR检测不到HCV RNA时方可入组。 7. HIV-1/2抗体阳性者,若遵医嘱接受抗逆转录病毒(ARV)治疗,且有记录证实绝对CD4计数>300/mm³并稳定至少6个月、病毒载量不可检出,可入组。 8. 有生育能力女性须在开始研究治疗前≤24小时血清β-hCG妊娠试验阴性。 9. 能够提供知情同意并遵守方案。 10. 预计生存期>12周。 11. 有生育能力的男女患者须同意在治疗期间及末次研究治疗给药后180天内采取适当避孕措施。经手术绝育或已绝经(连续≥12个月无月经,或手术绝育)的患者不受此要求限制。男性须同意在停止研究治疗后至少90天内不捐献精子。 排除标准: 1. 同时参加其他临床研究;观察性(非干预性)研究或干预性研究的随访阶段除外。 2. 首次研究治疗给药前28天或5个半衰期(以较短者为准)内接受过任何研究性抗癌治疗;既往接受过任何抗CD40治疗。 3. 首次研究治疗给药前21天内(亚硝脲类为6周)或至少5个半衰期内(以较长者为准)接受过任何合并化疗、生物治疗或抗癌激素治疗。因非癌症适应证使用激素(如激素替代治疗)可接受。 4. 可接受以姑息为目的对孤立病灶进行局部治疗(如局部手术或放疗),但不得针对靶病灶。首次研究治疗给药前1周内不得进行姑息性放疗。 5. 首次研究药物给药前4周内对>30%骨髓进行放疗或接受大范围照射。受试者须已从所有放疗相关毒性恢复至≤1级,不需为此使用皮质类固醇,且未发生放射性肺炎。 6. 首次研究治疗给药前28天内接受重大手术(由研究者界定)。孤立病灶的姑息性局部手术可接受。 7. 有器官移植史,包括异基因干细胞移植。 8. 有(非感染性)肺炎/间质性肺病史,或目前患有肺炎/间质性肺病,包括1级肺炎(无症状,仅需临床或诊断观察,无需干预)。 9. 研究者判定存在未控制的并发疾病,包括持续或活动性感染、有症状的充血性心力衰竭、未控制的高血压、不稳定型心绞痛、不稳定性心律失常、伴腹泻的严重慢性胃肠道疾病,或可能限制遵守研究要求、显著增加不良事件风险或妨碍签署书面知情同意书的精神疾病/社会状况。 10. 有其他原发恶性肿瘤史,但以下情况除外:以治愈为目的治疗且首次研究药物给药前≥1年无已知活动性疾病、复发风险较低;已充分治疗且无病证据的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌或雀斑样恶性黑色素瘤(由研究者酌情判断);已充分治疗且无病证据的原位癌(由研究者酌情判断)。 11. 有软脑膜癌病史。 12. 存在未经治疗的中枢神经系统(CNS)转移和/或癌性脑膜炎。脑转移已治疗的患者,如影像学稳定(间隔至少4周的影像均无颅内进展证据)可参加。由脑转移或其治疗引起的神经症状须已消退或保持稳定,且未使用类固醇;或使用泼尼松≤10 mg/日(或等效剂量)和抗癫痫药物维持稳定至少14天后方可治疗。因与癌症无关的癫痫而稳定使用抗癫痫药物者可入组。 13. 有活动性原发性免疫缺陷史。 14. 活动性结核感染(依据临床评估,包括病史、体格检查、影像学结果及符合当地实践的结核检测)。 15. 活动性自身免疫性疾病,且需要超过生理维持剂量的全身免疫抑制治疗(泼尼松>10 mg/日或等效剂量)。自身免疫病虽处于缓解期,但研究者认为复发可能造成显著病情或后遗症(包括既往肺炎或其他既往免疫治疗相关自身免疫后遗症)时,也可能排除。无活动性自身免疫病者,因肾上腺或垂体功能不全使用>10 mg/日泼尼松或等效剂量作生理替代治疗,可允许。需间歇使用支气管扩张剂、吸入类固醇或局部类固醇注射的哮喘患者可参加。使用外用、眼用、关节腔内或鼻内类固醇(研究者判断全身吸收极少)者可参加。 16. 为预防(如造影剂过敏)或按研究治疗常规进行预处理而短期使用皮质类固醇,允许。 17. 首次研究治疗给药前28天内接种减毒活疫苗。研究治疗期间及末次给药后30天内不得接种活疫苗。 18. 已知对研究药物、具有相似生物组成的化合物或研究药物辅料过敏或超敏。 19. 既往抗癌治疗导致尚未消退的NCI CTCAE≥2级毒性(放疗相关情况见上文),白癜风或脱发除外;纳入标准未规定的实验室值可由研究者酌情判断。 20. ≥2级神经病变患者须咨询主要研究者或共同主要研究者后逐例评估。 21. 存在不可逆毒性且预计不会因研究治疗加重者,须咨询主要研究者或共同主要研究者后方可纳入。 22. 既往接受检查点抑制剂治疗期间出现免疫相关毒性,按药品说明书或共识指南建议应永久停药;或曾出现需强化或长期免疫抑制治疗的免疫相关毒性。激素替代治疗控制良好的内分泌疾病除外。 23. 有显著心血管疾病,包括不稳定型心绞痛、未控制的高血压或心律失常、原发性心脏病导致的NYHA III/IV级充血性心力衰竭、未控制的缺血性或重度瓣膜性心脏病。首次研究治疗给药前12个月内发生心肌梗死、脑血管意外、血栓形成或肺栓塞者排除。 24. 任何其他急性或慢性医学/精神状况或实验室异常,可能增加参加试验或接受研究药物的风险、干扰结果解释,或经研究者判断不适合入组。 25. 女性妊娠、哺乳或计划怀孕,或男性计划在研究预计持续期间使他人受孕。 26. 无法或不愿遵守研究要求,包括随访就诊。
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients 18 years and older with metastatic or locoregionally advanced epithelial cancers, that are considered incurable. 2. Confirmation by Tran Laboratory of neoantigen-reactive TCR(s) suitable for TCR-gene therapy. 3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1 or 2. 4. Laboratory values: * WBC ≥ 2000/uL * Neutrophils ≥ 1000/uL * Hgb \> 8.0 g/dl (patients may be transfused to reach this level) * Platelets \> 100,000 cells/mm3 * Creatinine ≤ 2.0 mg/dL * AST \& ALT ≤ 2.5 × ULN * Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 × ULN * Total bilirubin ≤ 2 × ULN (except patients with Gilbert's syndrome, who must have a total bilirubin ≤ 3.0 mg/dL). If total bilirubin is \>1.5, conjugated bilirubin must be ≤ ULN (conjugated bilirubin only needs to be tested if total bilirubin exceeds ULN). If there is no institutional ULN, then conjugated bilirubin must be \< 40% of total bilirubin. 5. Patients positive for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc, total), are eligible only if HBV DNA is non- detectable by qPCR. 6. Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if HCV RNA is non-detectable by qPCR. 7. Patients known positive for HIV 1/2 antibodies, are eligible if ARV treatment compliant with documented stable absolute CD4 count \> 300 cells/mm3 for at least 6 months and undetectable viral load. 8. Women of childbearing potential must have negative serum bHCG pregnancy test ≤ 24 hours prior to start of study treatment. 9. Ability to give informed consent and comply with the protocol. 10. Anticipated lifespan greater than 12 weeks. 11. Men and women of childbearing potential must agree to take appropriate pregnancy precautions during treatment and through 180 days after last dose of study treatment. Patients and/or partners who are surgically sterile or postmenopausal (defined by 12 or more consecutive months with no menstruation, or surgically sterile) are exempt from this requirement. Males must agree not to donate sperm for at least 90 days after discontinuing study treatment. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Concurrent enrollment in another clinical study, unless it is an observational (non-interventional) clinical study or during the follow-up period of an interventional study. 2. Receipt of any investigational anticancer therapy during the last 28 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is shorter, prior to the first dose of study treatment. Receipt of any prior anti-CD40 therapy. 3. Any concurrent chemotherapy, biologic, or hormonal therapy for cancer treatment, within 21 days (6 weeks for nitrosoureas) or at least 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to the first dose of study treatment. Concurrent use of 4. hormonal therapy for non-cancer-related conditions (e.g., hormone replacement therapy) is acceptable. 5\. Local treatment of isolated lesions for palliative intent is acceptable (e.g., local surgery or radiotherapy), excluding target lesions, Palliative radiation therapy cannot be administered less than 1 week prior to the first dose of study treatment. 6\. Radiotherapy treatment to more than 30% of the bone marrow or with a wide field of radiation within 4 weeks of the first dose of study drug. Participants must have recovered (to a grade 1 or lower) from all radiation-related toxicities, not require corticosteroids for this purpose and not have had radiation pneumonitis. 7\. Major surgical procedure (as defined by the Investigator) within 28 days prior to the first dose of study treatment. Note: Local surgery of isolated lesions for palliative intent is acceptable. 8\. History of organ transplant, including allogeneic stem cell transplantation. 9. History of (non-infectious) pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease or current pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease, including grade 1 pneumonitis (asymptomatic; clinical or diagnostic observation only; intervention not indicated). 10\. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness as deemed by the investigator, including but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, unstable cardiac arrhythmia, serious chronic gastrointestinal conditions associated with diarrhea, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirement, substantially increase risk of incurring AEs or compromise the ability of the patient to give written informed consent. 11\. History of another primary malignancy except for: * Malignancy treated with curative intent and with no known active disease ≥1 year before the first dose of investigational product and of low potential risk for recurrence. * Adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer or lentigo maligna without evidence of disease (per investigator discretion). * Adequately treated carcinoma in situ without evidence of disease (per investigator discretion) 12. History of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis 13. Has untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis. Patients whose brain metastases have been treated may participate provided they show radiographic stability (imaging at least four weeks apart showing no evidence of intracranial progression). In addition, any neurologic symptoms that developed either as a result of the brain metastases or their treatment must have resolved or be stable either, without the use of steroids, or are stable on a steroid dose of ≤ 10mg/day of prednisone or its equivalent and anti-seizure medications for at least 14 days prior to the start of treatment. Patients on a stable dose of seizure medicines for epilepsy unrelated to cancer are eligible for the trial. 14\. History of active primary immunodeficiency. 15. Active tuberculosis infection (clinical evaluation that includes clinical history, physical examination and radiographic findings, and TB testing in line with local practice). 16\. Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppression in excess of physiologic maintenance doses of corticosteroids (\> 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent).: * Autoimmune disease that is not active (in remission), but in the judgment of the investigator could risk substantial morbidity in the event of relapse, may be grounds for exclusion. This can include a prior history of pneumonitis or other autoimmune sequelae of prior immunotherapy. * Physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy at doses \> 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency and in the absence of active autoimmune disease is permitted. * Participants with asthma that requires intermittent use of bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, or local steroid injections may participate. * Participants using topical, ocular, intra-articular, or intranasal steroids (with minimal systemic absorption, per investigator discretion) may participate. 17\. Brief courses of corticosteroids for prophylaxis (e.g., contrast dye allergy) or study treatment-related standard premedication are permitted. 18\. Receipt of live attenuated vaccine within 28 days prior to the first dose of study treatment. Note: patients should not receive live vaccine during study treatment and up to 30 days after the last dose of study treatment. 19\. Known allergy or hypersensitivity to study drug(s) or compounds of similar biologic composition to the study drug(s), or any of the study drug excipients. 20\. Any unresolved NCI CTCAE Grade ≥2 toxicities from prior anti-cancer therapy (see above for radiotherapy consideration) with the exception of vitiligo or alopecia, and per investigator discretion for laboratory values not defined in the inclusion criteria. 21\. Patients with Grade ≥2 neuropathy will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis after consultation with the Principal Investigator or one of the Co-Principal Investigators. 22\. Patients with irreversible toxicity not reasonably expected to be exacerbated by study treatment may be included only after consultation with the Principal Investigator or one of the Co-Principal Investigators. 23\. Immune-related toxicity during prior checkpoint inhibitor therapy for which permanent discontinuation of therapy is recommended (per product label or consensus guidelines) OR any immune-related toxicity requiring intensive or prolonged immunosuppression to manage (with the exception of endocrinopathy that is well controlled on replacement hormones). 24\. Significant cardiovascular disease including unstable angina pectoris, uncontrolled hypertension or arrhythmia, congestive heart failure (NYHA Class III or IV) related to primary cardiac disease, uncontrolled ischemic or severe valvular heart disease. Patients with a history of myocardial infarction, cerebral vascular accident, thrombosis or pulmonary embolus within 12 months prior to the first dose of study treatment are excluded from this study. 25\. Any other acute or chronic medical or psychiatric condition or laboratory abnormality that could increase the risk associated with trial participation or trial drug administration or could interfere with the interpretation of trial results and, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into the trial. 26\. Women who are pregnant, lactating or expecting to conceive, or men who father children within the projected duration of the study. 27\. Unable or unwilling to comply with study requirements, including follow-up visits.
以上为辅助阅读译文。是否适合入组须由主治医生判断,最终以登记平台与研究者确认为准。
主要终点:Evaluate the safety, tolerability and DLTs of combinatorial adoptively transferred T-cell receptor gene-engineered T cells (TCR-T) with in vivo CD40 activation and PD-1 blockade, for patients with incurable cancers · Analysis of adverse events · 2 years
次要终点:Objective response rate;Duration of response;Clinical benefit rate;Overall survival
患者将接受CDX-1140、TCR-T细胞和帕博利珠单抗治疗。
这是一项I/Ib期研究,针对不可治愈癌症患者过继性输注靶向肿瘤特异性抗原的T细胞受体基因工程T细胞(TCR-T),并在体内激活CD40及阻断PD-1。研究先进行TCR-T联合CD40/PD-1安全性导入(3+3设计),之后采用Simon两阶段扩展设计,统计效能80%、单侧α=5%:第一阶段在10例时评估无效性,第二阶段在22例时评估(考虑可能退出,最多入组24例)。
This is a phase I/Ib study of adoptively transferred T-cell receptor gene-engineered T cells (TCR-T) targeting tumor-specific antigens, with in vivo CD40 activation and PD-1 blockade, for patients with incurable cancers. The study design is a safety lead-in TCR-T with CD40/PD-1 (3+3), followed by Simon's Two-Stage expansion design, 80% power and 5% one-sided alpha: stage-one futility assessment at n = 10; stage-two assessment at n = 22, (accrual up to 24 to allow for potential study drop-out).
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