肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Advancing CAR-NK cell therapy in solid tumors: Current landscape and future directions.
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程化的自然杀伤（NK）细胞已成为一种有前景的现代免疫治疗策略，相较于CAR-T细胞疗法，其具有先天细胞毒性、安全性特征以及可规模化、现货型异体制造的潜力等优势。
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程化自然杀伤（NK）细胞已成为一种有前景的现代免疫治疗策略，因其固有的细胞毒性、安全性特征以及可规模化、现货型异体制造的潜力，相较CAR-T细胞疗法具有优势。CAR-NK细胞可从多种来源制备，近期临床研究在血液系统恶性肿瘤中显示出显著疗效且未出现严重毒性。然而，将这一成功转化至实体瘤受到NK细胞持久性有限、运输和浸润挑战以及敌对的免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境的阻碍。本综述全面综合了CAR-NK细胞工程的最新进展与创新，探讨了实体瘤微环境带来的挑战，并重点介绍了实体瘤中合理的临床前策略和早期临床试验，强调了CAR-NK疗法在不久的将来为更广泛人类癌症带来不断演进且具有变革性的前景。
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as a promising modern immunotherapeutic strategy, offering advantages over CAR-T cell therapy due to their innate cytotoxicity, safety profile, and potential for scalable, off-the-shelf allogeneic manufacturing. CAR-NK cells can be generated from multiple sources, with recent clinical studies demonstrating notable efficacy and lack of severe toxicity in hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, the translation of this success to solid tumors is hampered by limited NK cell persistence, trafficking and infiltration challenges, and the hostile, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of recent advances and innovations in CAR-NK cell engineering, addresses challenges posed by the solid tumor microenvironment, and highlights both rational preclinical strategies and early-phase clinical trials in solid tumors, underscoring the evolving and transformative promise of CAR-NK therapy for a broader range of human cancers in the near future.
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