肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Advances in immunotherapies in ovarian cancer.
卵巢癌（OC）仍是最致命的妇科恶性肿瘤之一，且尽管近半数病例存在TIL（肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞）（TILs），免疫检查点抑制剂仅显示出有限的临床获益。
卵巢癌（OC）仍是致死率最高的妇科恶性肿瘤之一。尽管近半数病例存在TIL（肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞），免疫检查点抑制剂的临床获益仍有限。这些现象推动了对抗原靶向免疫疗法的关注，包括过继细胞疗法（CAR-T 细胞、TIL疗法）、双特异性抗体、癌症疫苗、细胞因子类药物及抗体-药物偶联物。目前正在临床研究的靶点包括间皮素、叶酸受体α、HER2、MUC16、EpCAM和Claudin-6。本综述总结卵巢癌免疫治疗现状，并考察迄今限制治疗效果的生物学及临床因素。我们还讨论旨在克服耐药的新兴策略，包括合理联合及生物标志物指导的方法。最后，我们强调整合基因组和免疫谱分析对于阐明应答及耐药机制、指导下一代卵巢癌免疫治疗策略的关键作用。
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the deadliest gynecologic malignancies, and, despite the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in nearly half of cases, immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown only modest clinical benefit. These observations have stimulated interest in antigen-directed immunotherapies, including adoptive cell therapies (chimeric antigen receptor T cell, TIL therapy), bispecific antibodies, cancer vaccines, cytokine-based agents, and antibody-drug conjugates. Multiple targets, such as mesothelin, folate receptor- , HER2, MUC16, EpCAM, and claudin-6, are currently under clinical investigation. In this review, we summarize the current landscape of immunotherapy in OC and examine the biological and clinical factors that have limited therapeutic efficacy to date. We also discuss emerging strategies aimed at overcoming resistance, including rational combinations and biomarker-driven approaches. Finally, we highlight the critical role of integrated genomic and immune profiling to elucidate mechanisms of response and resistance and to guide the next generation of immunotherapeutic strategies for OC.
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