肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Preclinical and clinical studies on CAR-NK cell therapy: latest update from 2025 ASH Annual Meeting.
嵌合抗原受体工程化自然杀伤（CAR-NK）细胞正成为血液系统恶性肿瘤的现货型免疫疗法，早期临床数据和良好的安全性特征为其提供了支持。
嵌合抗原受体工程化自然杀伤（CAR-NK）细胞正成为一种用于血液系统恶性肿瘤的现货型免疫疗法，早期临床数据及其良好的安全性特征为这一方向提供了支持。与CAR-T疗法相比，CAR-NK细胞有望实现可规模化的异体制备、降低毒性，同时保留抗肿瘤活性。不过，体内持久性有限、肿瘤微环境具有免疫抑制作用，以及疗效持久性不一等问题仍待解决。本文综述了2025年美国血液学会（ASH）年会上报告的CAR-NK细胞疗法近期临床前及临床进展，重点介绍增强NK细胞适应性与功能状态的工程策略，以及早期试验中显示出疗效且毒性可控的结果。
Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered natural killer (CAR-NK) cells are emerging as an off-the-shelf immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies, supported by early clinical data and a favorable safety profile. Compared with CAR-T therapy, CAR-NK cells offer the potential for scalable allogeneic manufacturing with reduced toxicity while retaining antitumor activity. However, challenges such as limited in vivo persistence, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, and variable durability of responses remain. This summary highlights recent preclinical and clinical advances in CAR-NK cell therapy reported at the 2025 ASH Annual Meeting, focusing on engineering strategies to enhance NK-cell fitness and early trial results demonstrating efficacy with manageable toxicity.
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