肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：CD20-targeted immunotherapies in B-cell malignancies: mechanistic and clinical advances.
在过去的二十年中，针对CD20阳性B细胞血液系统恶性肿瘤，包括非霍奇金淋巴瘤和慢性淋巴细胞白血病，靶向免疫疗法显著改变了其治疗格局。
过去20年间，靶向免疫疗法显著改变了CD20阳性B细胞血液系统恶性肿瘤（包括非霍奇金淋巴瘤和慢性淋巴细胞白血病）的治疗格局。利妥昔单抗治疗带来的显著临床获益使CD20成为核心治疗靶点，并推动抗体药物偶联物、双特异性抗体和CAR-T 细胞等下一代治疗方式发展，尤其显著改善了复发或难治性疾病的临床应答率。这些进展得益于基因工程策略：它们在适当激活免疫系统的同时增强抗原特异性和细胞毒效力，并减轻相关不良反应。本综述考察了当前美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准及在研的CD20靶向疗法的结构特征和临床结局。此外，文章重点介绍了耐药的关键机制，以及克服耐药的新策略，包括靶向药物联合和根据预测性生物标志物筛选患者。
Over the past two decades, targeted immunotherapies have significantly transformed the treatment landscape for CD20-positive B-cell hematological malignancies, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The substantial clinical benefits of rituximab administration have made CD20 a central therapeutic target, paving the way for next-generation modalities, such as antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, which have markedly improved clinical response rates, particularly in relapsed or refractory disease. These advances are underpinned by genetically engineered approaches that enhance antigen specificity and cytotoxic potency by appropriately activating the immune system while attenuating associated adverse effects. This review examines the structural characteristics and clinical outcomes of current Food and Drug Administration-approved and investigational CD20-targeted therapies. Moreover, the key resistance mechanisms and new strategies to circumvent them, including the use of targeted drug combinations and patient selection based on predictive biomarkers, were highlighted.
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