肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Engineered Bacterial Biomaterials for Augmenting Adoptive Immune Cell Therapy Against Solid Tumors.
过继免疫细胞疗法（ACT）是肿瘤免疫治疗中最有前景的策略之一，其利用基因工程改造的免疫细胞以高度特异性识别并清除肿瘤细胞。
过继免疫细胞疗法（ACT）是癌症免疫治疗中最有前景的策略之一，可利用基因工程改造的免疫细胞高特异性识别并清除肿瘤细胞。CD19靶向CAR-T（CAR-T）细胞疗法已使血液系统恶性肿瘤患者获得持久缓解。然而，ACT治疗实体瘤仍受免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境、肿瘤异质性以及效应细胞在肿瘤部位浸润和持续性不足等因素限制。细菌生物材料，包括活菌及其无细胞平台（如外膜囊泡），是新兴的可编程系统类别，有望重塑肿瘤免疫微环境。本综述简要阐述细菌生物材料重塑肿瘤环境的分子机制，并总结工程化细菌生物材料增强ACT治疗实体瘤疗效的进展，重点介绍其基础原理及工程策略，以增强现有过继细胞疗法并克服实体瘤治疗中的困境。
Adoptive immune cell therapy (ACT) represents one of the most promising strategies in cancer immunotherapy, leveraging genetically engineered immune cells to recognize and eradicate tumor cells with high specificity. Durable remissions have been achieved in hematological malignancies, particularly with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies. However, the efficacy of ACT in solid tumors remains limited due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, tumor heterogeneity, and poor infiltration and persistence of the effector cells within tumor sites. Bacterial biomaterials, encompassing live bacteria and their acellular platforms, for example, outer membrane vesicles, represent emerging classes of programmable systems capable of reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment. In this review, we briefly illustrate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which bacterial biomaterials remodel the tumor environment and underscore the advances in the use of engineered bacterial biomaterials to enhance the efficacy of ACT in solid tumors, highlighting the underlying basic principles and engineering strategies to augment current adoptive cellular therapies for overcoming their faced dilemmas in solid tumor settings.
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