肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：CAR-T in relapsed refractory high-grade glioma and glioblastoma - who, what, when and how?
CAR-T in relapsed refractory high-grade glioma and glioblastoma - who, what, when and how?
复发性高级别胶质瘤预后极差。
复发性高级别胶质瘤预后极差。本文综述旨在探讨并尝试回答以下问题：在此情境下，哪些患者可能获益于CAR-T 细胞疗法、何时进行干预以及治疗效果如何。CAR-T细胞疗法包括从患者体内采集T细胞，对其进行基因改造，使其表面表达嵌合抗原受体，以选择性靶向肿瘤表达的抗原，随后进行免疫清除预处理，并通过输注将工程化CAR-T细胞回输至患者体内。胶质瘤，尤其是胶质母细胞瘤，因其免疫逃逸特征、中枢神经系统内的解剖位置以及抗原异质性而带来独特挑战。目前正探索多种CAR-T潜在抗原靶点，包括B7同源物3、二唾液酸神经节苷脂、Eph-A2、Eph-A3、IL-13Rα2、HER2、EGFRvIII和基质金属蛋白酶-2。
Recurrent high-grade gliomas have a dismal prognosis. This review article aimed to explore and help answer the questions about which group of patients would benefit from chimeric antigen receptor therapy (CAR-T) cell therapy in this setting, the timing of intervention and the therapeutic efficacy. CAR-T cell therapy involves the extraction of T-cells from patients, genetic modification of these cells to express chimeric antigen receptors on their cell surface, which are selectively targeted towards tumour-expressed antigens and a procedure of immune-depletion followed by re-introducing these engineered CAR-T cells into the host via infusion. Gliomas, particularly glioblastoma, present unique challenges due to their immune-evasive nature, location within the central nervous system and antigenic heterogeneity. Thus, several potential antigenic targets are being explored for CAR-T cell therapy, including B7 homolog 3, Disiloganglioside, Eph-A2, Eph-A3, IL-13Ra2, HER2, EGFRvIII and Matrix metalloproteinase-2.
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