肿瘤细胞治疗研究
英文原题：Gastric and upper gastrointestinal oncology: integrating breakthroughs from prevention to precision therapeutics.
胃及上消化道（GI）肿瘤学正处于变革节点，在疾病全程的各个环节均取得显著进展。
胃癌及上消化道肿瘤学正处于转型阶段，疾病全程管理的各个方面均取得显著进展。包括随机II期和III期试验在内的新型临床工具和疗法，为患者确立了新的治疗标准，例如可切除胃癌的术前放化疗，以及转移性疾病中按PD-L1分层的免疫化疗。此外，许多新发现正与新方法共同发展，例如CAR-T疗法、重新引入的微生物“卧底”治疗手段，以及不断兴起的精准医疗工具。然而，仍有诸多障碍，包括CAR-T治疗的费用、PD-L1 P146R多态性带来的反常生存获益，以及其他生物学局限和卫生系统层面的障碍。在本综述中，我们倡导更紧密整合“从实验室到社区”的路径，结合更有效的人群预防项目、生物标志物指导的治疗和组学分析研究，以加速并改善医疗实践，应对生物学或卫生系统障碍。
Gastric and upper gastrointestinal (GI) oncology is at a point of transformation, with significant advances in each aspect of the disease continuum. Novel clinical tools and therapies, including randomized phase II and III trials, have provided new standards of care for patients, including preoperative chemoradiation for resectable gastric cancer and PD-L1 stratified immuno-chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. Also, many discoveries are co-evolving with newer methods, such as CAR-T therapy or reintroduced microbial undercover agents or burgeoning precision tools. However, obstacles remain, nursing the costs of CAR-T, the paradoxical survival benefit of PD-L1 P146R polymorphism, and other biological ineptitudes along with health system barriers. In this synthesis, we advocate for more closely integrated "bench-to-community" approaches to apply more effective combinations of health population prevention programs, biomarker-guided therapeutics, and omics profiling studies to accelerate and positively impact healthcare practices addressing biological or health system barriers.
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